Urogenital pathogens, associated with Trichomonas vaginalis, among pregnant women in Kilifi, Kenya: a nested case-control study

Autor: Eduard J. Sanders, Simon Chengo Masha, Marijke Reynders, Mario Vaneechoutte, Piet Cools, Patrick Descheemaeker
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Gonorrhea
Chlamydia trachomatis
Mycoplasma genitalium
Pregnant
medicine.disease_cause
urologic and male genital diseases
DISEASE
Girerdii
0302 clinical medicine
Pregnancy
INFECTION
Medicine and Health Sciences
Medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
Pregnancy Complications
Infectious
education.field_of_study
Trichomoniasis
Chlamydia
M. Genitalium
biology
Coinfection
female genital diseases and pregnancy complications
Mycoplasma hominis
Infectious Diseases
M. Girerdii
Trichomonas
Female
Research Article
Adult
Genitalium
Adolescent
030106 microbiology
Population
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Trichomonas Infections
Urogenital System
STIs
lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases
Streptococcus agalactiae
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
Trichomonas vaginalis
Humans
lcsh:RC109-216
Syphilis
Treponema pallidum
education
business.industry
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Virology
Kenya
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Case-Control Studies
MYCOPLASMA-HOMINIS
business
RESISTANCE
Zdroj: BMC Infectious Diseases
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2018)
ISSN: 1471-2334
Popis: Background Screening of curable sexually transmitted infections is frequently oriented towards the diagnosis of chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis and trichomoniasis, whereas other pathogens, sometimes associated with similar urogenital syndromes, remain undiagnosed and/or untreated. Some of these pathogens are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods In a nested case-control study, vaginal swabs from 79 pregnant women, i.e., 28 T. vaginalis-positive (cases) and 51 T. vaginalis-negative (controls), were screened by quantitative PCR for Adenovirus 1 and 2, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2, Chlamydia trachomatis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus ducreyi, Mycoplasma genitalium, M. hominis, candidatus M. girerdii, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Streptococcus agalactiae, Treponema pallidum, Ureaplasma parvum, U. urealyticum, and Candida albicans. Additionally, we determined whether women with pathogens highly associated with T. vaginalis had distinct clinical signs and symptoms compared to women with T. vaginalis mono-infection. Results M. hominis was independently associated with T. vaginalis (adjusted odds ratio = 6.8, 95% CI: 2.3–19.8). Moreover, M. genitalium and Ca M. girerdii were exclusively detected in women with T. vaginalis (P = 0.002 and P = 0.001), respectively. Four of the six women co-infected with T. vaginalis and Ca M. girerdii complained of vaginal itching, compared to only 4 out of the 22 women infected with T. vaginalis without Ca M. girerdii (P = 0.020). Conclusion We confirm M. hominis as a correlate of T. vaginalis in our population, and the exclusive association of both M. genitalium and Ca. M. girerdii with T. vaginalis. Screening and treatment of these pathogens should be considered. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3455-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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