Relation between cannabis use and subcortical volumes in people at clinical high risk of psychosis

Autor: Barbara A. Cornblatt, Elaine F. Walker, Larry J. Seidman, Lisa Buchy, Ming T. Tsuang, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Tyrone D. Cannon, Jean Addington, Daniel H. Mathalon, Thomas H. McGlashan, Diana O. Perkins, Scott W. Woods, Carrie E. Bearden
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Male
Hippocampus
Substance Misuse
0302 clinical medicine
Thalamus
2.1 Biological and endogenous factors
Aetiology
Genetic risk
Psychiatry
biology
Confounding
Cannabis use
Amygdala
Serious Mental Illness
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Marijuana
Psychiatry and Mental health
Mental Health
medicine.anatomical_structure
Schizophrenia
Female
Cognitive Sciences
Psychology
Adult
Psychosis
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
Clinical Sciences
Neuroscience (miscellaneous)
Article
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Magnetic resonance imaging
Clinical Research
medicine
Humans
Radiology
Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Cannabis
Cannabinoid Research
Prevention
Neurosciences
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Brain Disorders
030227 psychiatry
Neuroanatomy
Good Health and Well Being
Psychotic Disorders
Drug Abuse (NIDA only)
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. 254:3-9
ISSN: 0925-4927
DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.06.001
Popis: Among people at genetic risk of schizophrenia, those who use cannabis show smaller thalamic and hippocampal volumes. We evaluated this relationship in people at clinical high risk (CHR) of psychosis. The Alcohol and Drug Use Scale was used to identify 132 CHR cannabis users, the majority of whom were non-dependent cannabis users, 387 CHR non-users, and 204 healthy control non-users, and all participants completed magnetic resonance imaging scans. Volumes of the thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala were extracted with FreeSurfer, and compared across groups. Comparing all CHR participants with healthy control participants revealed no significant differences in volumes of any ROI. However, when comparing CHR users to CHR non-users, a significant ROI×Cannabis group effect emerged: CHR users showed significantly smaller amygdala compared to CHR non-users. However, when limiting analysis to CHR subjects who reported using alcohol at a ‘use without impairment' severity level, the amygdala effect was non-significant; rather, smaller hippocampal volumes were seen in CHR cannabis users compared to non-users. Controlling statistically for effects of alcohol and tobacco use rendered all results non-significant. These results highlight the importance of controlling for residual confounding effects of other substance use when examining the relationship between cannabis use and neural structure.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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