Successful Treatment of Pediatric Refractory/Relapsed AML with KIR-Ligand-Mismatched Cord Blood Transplant after FLAG-IDA Reinduction Therapy with or without the GO Regimen

Autor: Keiichi Isoyama, Kosuke Akiyama, Naoko Okamoto, Ryota Kaneko, Sachio Fujita, Masaya Koganesawa, Yumiko Sugishita, Daisuke Toyama, Ryosuke Matsuno, Shohei Yamamoto
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Case Reports in Hematology, Vol 2020 (2020)
Case Reports in Hematology
ISSN: 2090-6579
2090-6560
Popis: Prognosis in pediatric patients with refractory/relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is grim, and there is no standard treatment for such patients. Combined treatment with intensive chemotherapy and gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO), a monoclonal anti-CD33 antibody conjugated with calicheamicin, is useful as reinduction therapy in refractory/relapsed AML. Here, we describe three cases of pediatric refractory/relapsed AML that were successfully managed with FLAG-IDA (fludarabine, cytarabine, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and idarubicin), with or without GO, as reinduction therapy before a KIR-ligand-mismatched cord blood transplant. This strategy relies on the fact that killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) on cord blood natural killer (NK) cells recognize human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles, and that donor KIR-ligand incompatibility may be associated with lower incidence of relapse and improved survival in AML, as cells that lack these inhibitory HLA ligands can activate NK cells. All three patients are currently alive and have been disease-free for 24–65 months, although one patient developed severe sinusoidal obstructive syndrome (SOS). Thus, our strategy can result in excellent outcomes in pediatric patients with refractory/relapsed AML.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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