Cardoon-based rennets for cheese production
| Autor: | Isaura Simões, Carla Malaquias Almeida |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Industrial production
Dairy industry Cynara Flowers Biology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 0404 agricultural biotechnology Aspartate protease Cheese Production (economics) Animals Sheep business.industry Goats 0402 animal and dairy science 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences General Medicine biology.organism_classification 040401 food science 040201 dairy & animal science Biotechnology Milk Food Technology Rennet business Chymosin |
| Zdroj: | Applied microbiology and biotechnology. 102(11) |
| ISSN: | 1432-0614 |
| Popis: | The use of crude aqueous extracts of Cynara cardunculus flowers as coagulants in the production of high-quality sheep and goat cheeses-as are the cases of several Portuguese and Spanish cheese varieties with Protected Designation of Origin status-has been maintained since ancient times. The unique rheological attributes and sensory properties characteristic of these cheeses have always suggested that this plant coagulant (and, therefore, its isolated milk-clotting proteases) could be used as alternative rennet in the dairy industry, particularly suited for the production of sheep and goat cheeses. However, the lack of standardization of C. cardunculus crude flower extracts, whose quality and performance depends on numerous factors, has always hampered the application of this plant rennet in industrial production scales. To overcome these limitations, and to aim at developing more effective solutions with potential for scalability of production and commercial application, several strategies have been undertaken in more recent years to establish new cardoon-based rennets. This review provides an overview on these developments and on the currently available solutions, which range from producing standardized formulations of native cardoon enzymes, to the optimization of the heterologous production of cardosins and cyprosins to generate synthetic versions of these milk-clotting enzymes. Challenges and emerging opportunities are also discussed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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