Correction for Founder Effects in Host-Viral Association Studies via Principal Components
| Autor: | Elizabeth McKinnon, Karyn Reeves, Ian James |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Statistics and Probability
Population Human leukocyte antigen Biology Population stratification Virus Cohort Studies HLA Antigens Genetics Humans Computer Simulation Genetic Predisposition to Disease education Molecular Biology Alleles Genetic Association Studies Genetic association Principal Component Analysis education.field_of_study Polymorphism Genetic Confounding Replicate Founder Effect Computational Mathematics Logistic Models Research Design Virus Diseases Case-Control Studies Calibration Host-Pathogen Interactions Founder effect |
| Zdroj: | Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology. 11 |
| ISSN: | 1544-6115 |
| Popis: | Viruses such as HIV and Hepatitis C (HCV) replicate rapidly and with high transcription error rates, which may facilitate their escape from immune detection through the encoding of mutations at key positions within human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-specific peptides, thus impeding T-cell recognition. Large-scale population-based host-viral association studies are conducted as hypothesis-generating analyses which aim to determine the positions within the viral sequence at which host HLA immune pressure may have led to these viral escape mutations. When transmission of the virus to the host is HLA-associated, however, standard tests of association can be confounded by the viral relatedness of contemporarily circulating viral sequences, as viral sequences descended from a common ancestor may share inherited patterns of polymorphisms, termed 'founder effects'. Recognizing the correspondence between this problem and the confounding of case-control genome-wide association studies by population stratification, we adapt methods taken from that field to the analysis of host-viral associations. In particular, we consider methods based on principal components analysis within a logistic regression framework motivated by alternative formulations in the Frisch-Waugh-Lovell Theorem. We demonstrate via simulation their utility in detecting true host-viral associations whilst minimizing confounding by associations generated by founder effects. The proposed methods incorporate relatively robust, standard statistical procedures which can be easily implemented using widely available software, and provide alternatives to the more complex computer intensive methods often implemented in this area. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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