Recycling of spent lithium-ion battery cathode materials by ammoniacal leaching
| Autor: | Yeojin Jung, Kyungjung Kwon, Eung-Mo An, Heesuk Ku, Jeongsoo Sohn, Dong-Hyo Yang, Sanghyuk Park, Minsang Jo, Kang-In Rhee, Soo-Kyung Kim |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Ammonium carbonate
Environmental Engineering Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Inorganic chemistry chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences Pollution Lithium-ion battery Cathode law.invention Ammonia chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry law Sodium hydroxide Environmental Chemistry Leaching (metallurgy) 0210 nano-technology Waste Management and Disposal Cobalt Ammonium sulfite 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Hazardous Materials. 313:138-146 |
| ISSN: | 0304-3894 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.03.062 |
| Popis: | As the production and consumption of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) increase, the recycling of spent LIBs appears inevitable from an environmental, economic and health viewpoint. The leaching behavior of Ni, Mn, Co, Al and Cu from treated cathode active materials, which are separated from a commercial LIB pack in hybrid electric vehicles, is investigated with ammoniacal leaching agents based on ammonia, ammonium carbonate and ammonium sulfite. Ammonium sulfite as a reductant is necessary to enhance leaching kinetics particularly in the ammoniacal leaching of Ni and Co. Ammonium carbonate can act as a pH buffer so that the pH of leaching solution changes little during leaching. Co and Cu can be fully leached out whereas Mn and Al are hardly leached and Ni shows a moderate leaching efficiency. It is confirmed that the cathode active materials are a composite of LiMn2O4, LiCoxMnyNizO2, Al2O3 and C while the leach residue is composed of LiNixMnyCozO2, LiMn2O4, Al2O3, MnCO3 and Mn oxides. Co recovery via the ammoniacal leaching is believed to gain a competitive edge on convenitonal acid leaching both by reducing the sodium hydroxide expense for increasing the pH of leaching solution and by removing the separation steps of Mn and Al. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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