Towards conserving natural diversity: A biotic inventory by observations, specimens, DNA barcoding and high-throughput sequencing methods
| Autor: | Mariah McInnis, Dawn R. Magness, Rebekah Brassfield, Annie Dziergowski, Matthew L. Bowser, John M. Morton, Joel Stone, Todd Eskelin, Tracy Melvin, Jennifer Hester |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Biodiversity earthworms 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences DNA barcoding 03 medical and health sciences vegetation biology.animal Lumbricidae terrestrial invertebrates Lichen Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Invertebrate Ecology biology Deroceras agreste biology.organism_classification Black spruce 030104 developmental biology birds biomonitoring metabarcoding Wildlife refuge Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e50124 |
| ISSN: | 1314-2828 1314-2836 |
| DOI: | 10.3897/bdj.8.e50124 |
| Popis: | The Kenai National Wildlife Refuge has been given a broad conservation mandate to conserve natural diversity. A prerequisite for fulfilling this purpose is to be able to identify the species and communities that make up that biodiversity. We tested a set of varied methods for inventory and monitoring of plants, birds and terrestrial invertebrates on a grid of 40 sites in a 938 ha study area in the Slikok Creek watershed, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. We sampled plants and lichens through observation and specimen-based methods. We surveyed birds using bird call surveys on variable circular plots. We sampled terrestrial arthropods by sweep net sampling, processing samples with High Throughput Sequencing methods. We surveyed for earthworms, using the hot mustard extraction method and identified worm specimens by morphology and DNA barcoding. We examined community membership using clustering methods and Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling. We documented a total of 4,764 occurrences of 984 species and molecular operational taxonomic units: 87 vascular plants, 51 mosses, 12 liverworts, 111 lichens, 43 vertebrates, 663 arthropods, 9 molluscs and 8 annelid worms. Amongst these records, 102 of the arthropod species appeared to be new records for Alaska. We found three non-native species: Deroceras agreste (Linnaeus, 1758) (Stylommatophora: Agriolimacidae), Dendrobaena octaedra (Savigny, 1826) (Crassiclitellata: Lumbricidae) and Heterarthrus nemoratus (Fallén, 1808) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Both D. octaedra and H. nemoratus were found at sites distant from obvious human disturbance. The 40 sites were grouped into five community groups: upland mixed forest, black spruce forest, open deciduous forest, shrub-sedge bog and willow. We demonstrated that, at least for a subset of species that could be detected using these methods, we were able to document current species distributions and assemblages in a way that could be efficiently repeated for the purposes of biomonitoring. While our methods could be improved and additional methods and groups could be added, our combination of techniques yielded a substantial portion of the data necessary for fulfilling Kenai National Wildlife Refuge's broad conservation purposes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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