Extensibility of Isoforms of Cardiac Titin: Variation in Contour Length of Molecular Subsegments Provides a Basis for Cellular Passive Stiffness Diversity
| Autor: | Henk Granzier, Thomas Centner, Alka Redkar, Karoly Trombitás, Siegfried Labeit, Yiming Wu |
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| Rok vydání: | 2000 |
| Předmět: |
Sarcomeres
Gene isoform Immunoelectron microscopy Biophysics Muscle Proteins 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Biology Extensibility Sarcomere Epitopes 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine Animals Protein Isoforms Myocyte Connectin Microscopy Immunoelectron 030304 developmental biology Mammals 0303 health sciences Basis (linear algebra) Myocardium Cardiac muscle Anatomy Myocardial Contraction Rats medicine.anatomical_structure cardiovascular system biology.protein Cattle Titin Carrier Proteins Protein Kinases Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Biophysical Journal. 79:3226-3234 |
| ISSN: | 0006-3495 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/s0006-3495(00)76555-6 |
| Popis: | Titin is a giant polypeptide that spans between the Z- and M-lines of the cardiac muscle sarcomere and that develops force when extended. This force arises from titin's extensible I-band region, which consists mainly of three segment types: serially linked immunoglobulin-like domains (Ig segments), interrupted by the PEVK segment, and the N2B unique sequence. Recently it was reported that the myocardium of large mammals co-expresses small (N2B) and large (N2BA) cardiac isoforms and that the passive stiffness of cardiac myocytes varies with the isoform expression ratio. To understand the molecular basis of the differences in passive stiffness we investigated titin's extensibility in bovine atrium, which expresses predominantly N2BA titin, and compared it to that of rat, which expresses predominantly N2B titin. Immunoelectron microscopy was used with antibodies that flank the Ig segments, the PEVK segment, and the unique sequence of the N2B element. The extension of the various segments was then determined as a function of sarcomere length (SL). When slack sarcomeres of bovine atrium were stretched, the PEVK segment extended much more steeply and the unique N2B sequence less steeply than in rat, while the Ig segments behaved similarly in both species. However, the extensions normalized with the segment's contour length (i.e., the fractional extensions) of Ig, PEVK, and unique sequence segments all increase less steeply with SL in cow than in rat. Considering that fractional extension determines the level of entropic force, these differences in fractional extension are expected to result in shallow and steep passive force-SL curves in myocytes that express high levels of N2BA and N2B titin, respectively. Thus, the findings provide a molecular basis for passive stiffness diversity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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