Environmental lead exposure and its relationship to traffic density among Senegalese children: a cross-sectional study
| Autor: | Mamadou Fall, D Ba, C Thiaw, Guillaume Garçon, Y Diop, J. M. Haguenoer, O Kane-Barry, Pirouz Shirali, B Ndiaye, Amadou Diouf |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2007 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male Antioxidant Cross-sectional study Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis medicine.medical_treatment Glutathione reductase Physiology Urine Rural Health Toxicology 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Sex Factors Environmental protection medicine Humans Child Vehicle Emissions chemistry.chemical_classification Air Pollutants Glutathione Peroxidase 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology Glutathione Disulfide business.industry Glutathione peroxidase Urban Health General Medicine Glutathione Aminolevulinic Acid Senegal Cross-Sectional Studies Glutathione Reductase El Niño chemistry Lead 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Female Rural area business Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Humanexperimental toxicology. 25(11) |
| ISSN: | 0960-3271 |
| Popis: | Leaded-gasoline is probably the primary source of lead (Pb) exposure in Dakar (Senegal). The present crosssectional study was undertaken to investigate the levels of Pb in Senegalese children and to present helpful data on the relationship between Pb levels and changes in biological markers of heme biosynthesis and oxidative stress. A total of 330 children, living since birth either in rural or urban areas (ie, Khombole (n /162) and Dakar (n /168), respectively) were included. During this crosssectional study, the mean blood (B)-Pb level in all children was 7.329 /5.33 mg/dL, and was influenced by the area of residence and gender. In rural children, 27 subjects (16.7%), 18 boys (19.6%) and nine girls (12.9%), had a B-Pb level � /10 mg Pb/dL, whereas 99 urban children (58.9%), respectively, 66 boys (71.8%) and 33 girls (43.4%), had alarmingly high B-Pb levels. Accordingly, urine delta-aminolevulinic acid levels were higher in children living in the urban area than in the rural areas (P B /0.001), and closely correlated with the B-Pb levels (P B /0.01). Moreover, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, selenium (Se) level, glutathione reductase (GR) activity, and glutathione status were significantly influenced by area of residence and/or by gender. GPx activity and Se level were not only negatively correlated with B-Pb levels, but also positively correlated together (P B /0.01). Taken together, the present results allow us to conclude that urban children have higher B-Pb levels than rural children, and that of these children, boys have higher B-Pb levels than girls, leading thereby to alterations of heme biosynthesis and pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance. We also suggest that exposure to Pb and the Pb-induced adverse effects merits attention and that the development of preventive actions are of increasing importance in Senegal. Human & Experimental Toxicology (2006) 25, 637 644 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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