Characterization, Source and Risk of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds (PhACs) in the Snow Deposition Near Jiaozhou Bay, North China
| Autor: | Xuegang Li, Huamao Yuan, Quancai Peng, Jinming Song, Guang Yang |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0211 other engineering and technologies
North china 02 engineering and technology snow 010501 environmental sciences Individual risk lcsh:Technology ecological risk 01 natural sciences lcsh:Chemistry chemistry.chemical_compound PhACs General Materials Science Solid phase extraction lcsh:QH301-705.5 Instrumentation Jiaozhou Bay (JZB) 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes 021110 strategic defence & security studies lcsh:T Chemistry Process Chemistry and Technology General Engineering Snow Triamcinolone diacetate lcsh:QC1-999 Computer Science Applications Deposition (aerosol physics) lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 lcsh:TA1-2040 Environmental chemistry lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Bay lcsh:Physics Ronidazole |
| Zdroj: | Applied Sciences Volume 9 Issue 6 Applied Sciences, Vol 9, Iss 6, p 1078 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 2076-3417 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/app9061078 |
| Popis: | The occurrence and distribution of 110 pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) were investigated in snow near Jiaozhou Bay (JZB), North China. All target substances were analyzed using solid phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.A total of 38 compounds were detected for the first time in snow, including 23 antibiotics, eight hormones, three nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, two antipsychotics, one beta-adrenergic receptor and one hypoglycemic drug. The total concentration of PhACs in snow ranged from 52.80 ng/L to 1616.02 ng/L. The compounds found at the highest mean concentrations included tetracycline (125.81 ng/L), desacetylcefotaxime (17.73 ng/L), ronidazole (8.79 ng/L) and triamcinolone diacetate (2.84 ng/L). The contribution of PhACs in the vicinity of JZB to the PhACs in the snow is far greater than the contribution of those transmitted over a long distance. PhACs are mainly derived from drugs applied to local humans and animals. Based on the individual risk quotient (RQ) values, tetracycline poses high risks to the relevant aquatic organisms (algae and invertebrates). The rational application and scientific management of PhACs is an effective approach to reduce the ecological risks in JZB. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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