Transendothelial migration of leukocytes carrying infectious HIV-1: an indicator of adverse prognosis
| Autor: | Stephen W. Wietgrefe, Holly H. Birdsall, Roger D. Rossen, A. Clinton White, JoAnn Trial, Maria C. Rodriguez-Barradas, Edward B. Siwak |
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| Rok vydání: | 2002 |
| Předmět: |
Cell type
Endothelium Secondary infection Immunology HIV Infections Viremia Lymphocyte Activation Virus Cell Movement Antiretroviral Therapy Highly Active medicine Humans Immunology and Allergy Lymphocytes biology Lymphoblast Prognosis biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Virology Infectious Diseases medicine.anatomical_structure Lentivirus HIV-1 Leukocytes Mononuclear RNA Viral Endothelium Vascular Viral disease |
| Zdroj: | AIDS. 16:5-12 |
| ISSN: | 0269-9370 |
| Popis: | Objective To ascertain the likelihood that perivascular leukocyte infiltrates are sites for replication and dissemination of HIV-1. Design and methods We measured the ability of HIV patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes to migrate through confluent endothelial monolayers in vitro and infect phytohemagglutinin-stimulated allogeneic lymphoblasts. We also measured the ability of migratory leukocytes to transmit virus to uninfected leukocytes that have localized outside an endothelial barrier, and the subsequent ability of these newly infected cells to reverse-migrate back across the endothelial barrier – a process that might facilitate reentry of infected cells into the circulation and dissemination of the virus to distant sites. Results Leukocytes from 27 out of 63 unselected patients spontaneously carried infectious virus across endothelial barriers. On follow-up, these 27 patients were frequently observed to develop uncontrolled viremia, despite treatment, and be hospitalized for secondary infections. Migratory leukocytes transmitted HIV to both T lymphocytes and non-T cells that had previously crossed the endothelial barrier. Either cell type could subsequently reverse-migrate carrying virus back across this barrier. Conclusions Reverse-migration of HIV-1 infected leukocytes out of perivascular reservoirs may provide a way to disseminate HIV-1 and expand the body burden of virus in some patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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