Gradual Replacement of Ca2+ with Mg2+ Ions in Brushite for the Production of Ca1−xMgxHPO4·nH2O Materials

Autor:	Mazen Alshaaer, Khalil Issa, Saida Abu Mallouh, Abdulaziz O. S. Alanazi, Ahmed S. Afify, Moustapha E. Moustapha, Kostas Komnitsas
Rok vydání:	2021
Předmět:	Thermogravimetric analysis lcsh:QE351-399.2 Materials science Struvite Scanning electron microscope struvite 02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry 01 natural sciences Biomaterials chemistry.chemical_compound X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XPS Brushite lcsh:Mineralogy crystal growth Geology 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Microstructure 0104 chemical sciences Ammonium hydroxide Magnesium nitrate chemistry Crystal growth 0210 nano-technology brushite biomaterials Nuclear chemistry
Zdroj:	Minerals Volume 11 Issue 3 Minerals, Vol 11, Iss 284, p 284 (2021)
ISSN:	2075-163X
DOI:	10.3390/min11030284
Popis:	The present study investigates the gradual replacement of Ca2+ with Mg2+ ions in brushite (CaHPO4·2H2O). To date, this approach has not been systematically explored and may prove beneficial for the production of Ca1−xMgxHPO4·nH2O materials with tailored properties which are suitable for environmental and medical applications. For their production, solutions of sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate dehydrate, NaH2PO4·2H2O, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O and ammonium hydroxide solution, NH4OH, were used. At low Mg/Ca molar ratios (up to 0.25) in the starting solution, partial replacement of Ca with Mg takes place (Mg doping) but no struvite is produced as discrete phase. When the Mg/Ca molar ratio increases gradually to 1.5, in addition to Mg-doped brushite, struvite, NH4MgPO4·6H2O, precipitates. The microstructure of the materials produced for different degrees of Ca replacement with Mg has been analyzed in depth with the use of powdered XRD (X-ray diffraction), XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and SEM (scanning electron microscopy). The results of this study prove that the Mg/Ca ratio in the starting solution can be monitored in such a way that materials with tailored composition are obtained.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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