Decrease in the urine cotinine concentrations of Korean non-smokers between 2009 and 2011 following implementation of stricter smoking regulations
| Autor: | Kun Hyung Kim, Yeong Beom Park, Jeong Ho Kim, Chunhui Suh, Soo Woong Lee, Ju Hyoung Park, Se Yeong Kim, Seokhwan Park, Dae Hwan Kim, Sue Jin Kim, Seung Do Yu, Byung Chul Son, Chae Kwan Lee, Wook Hee Choi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_treatment Smoking Prevention Urine 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Animal science Environmental health Republic of Korea Linear regression Humans Medicine 030212 general & internal medicine Cotinine Secondhand smoke Aged 0105 earth and related environmental sciences National health business.industry Smoking Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Environmental research Middle Aged chemistry Government Regulation Smoking cessation Female Smoking Cessation Geometric mean business |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health. 219:123-128 |
| ISSN: | 1438-4639 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.10.001 |
| Popis: | This study aimed to determine if there was an association between the implementation of smoking regulation policies and the urine cotinine concentrations of Korean non-smokers. The subjects of this study were 4612 non-smoking Korean citizens (aged 19 or older) selected from the first stage of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey conducted by the National Institute of Environmental Research from 2009 to 2011. Cotinine concentrations in urine were measured by GC-MS (limit of detection: 0.05 ng/mL). Changes in the urine cotinine concentration were analyzed using a weighted general linear model and linear regression and values were shown as geometric mean (GM). The GM urine cotinine concentration decreased over time (2.92 ng/mL in 2009, 1.93 ng/mL in 2010, and 1.25 ng/mL in 2011). The total decrease in the subjects' urine cotinine concentration between 2009 and 2011 was 2.79 ng/mL, representing a relative decrease of 54.7%. The decrease in GM urine cotinine concentration in each subgroup ranged from 2.17 ng/mL to 3.29 ng/mL (relative decreases of 46.4% and 62.8%, respectively), with the largest absolute reductions in subjects in the following groups: females, aged 40-49 years, detached residence type, no alcohol consumption, employed, secondhand smoke exposure. All groups had negative regression coefficients, all of which were significant (p < 0.001). Our results provide indirect indicators of the effectiveness of smoking regulation policies including the revision of the National Health Promotion Act in Korea. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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