Assessment of Blood Vessel Effect on Fat-Intrabody Communication Using Numerical and Ex-Vivo Models at 2.45 GHZ
| Autor: | Jacob Velander, Noor Badariah Asan, Syaiful Redzwan Mohd Shah, Robin Augustine, Mauricio D. Perez, Emadeldeen Hassan, Taco J. Blokhuis, Thiemo Voigt |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Surgery, MUMC+: MA Heelkunde (9), RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Respiratory & Age-related Health |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
General Computer Science TRANSMISSION Medical Laboratory and Measurements Technologies intrabody microwave communication 02 engineering and technology BODY COMMUNICATION 01 natural sciences Intrabody BIOLOGICAL TISSUES CHANNEL Computer Systems 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering medicine Path loss General Materials Science skin and connective tissue diseases Medicinsk laboratorie- och mätteknik biology path loss 010401 analytical chemistry fat-IBC General Engineering 020206 networking & telecommunications 0104 chemical sciences Datorsystem medicine.anatomical_structure Transmission (telecommunications) biology.protein Spike (software development) Blood vessel lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering channel characterization DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES lcsh:TK1-9971 Ex vivo Biomedical engineering Communication channel |
| Zdroj: | IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 89886-89900 (2019) IEEE Access, 7, 89886-89900. IEEE IEEE Access |
| ISSN: | 2169-3536 |
| DOI: | 10.1109/access.2019.2926646 |
| Popis: | The potential offered by the intra-body communication (IBC) over the past few years has resulted in a spike of interest for the topic, specifically for medical applications. Fat-IBC is subsequently a novel alternative technique that utilizes fat tissue as a communication channel. This work aimed to identify such transmission medium and its performance in varying blood-vessel systems at 2.45 GHz, particularly in the context of the IBC and medical applications. It incorporated three-dimensional (3D) electromagnetic simulations and laboratory investigations that implemented models of blood vessels of varying orientations, sizes, and positions. Such investigations were undertaken by using ex-vivo porcine tissues and three blood-vessel system configurations. These configurations represent extreme cases of real-life scenarios that sufficiently elucidated their principal influence on the transmission. The blood-vessel models consisted of ex-vivo muscle tissues and copper rods. The results showed that the blood vessels crossing the channel vertically contributed to 5.1 dB and 17.1 dB signal losses for muscle and copper rods, respectively, which is the worst-case scenario in the context of fat-channel with perturbance. In contrast, blood vessels aligned-longitudinally in the channel have less effect and yielded 4.5 dB and 4.2 dB signal losses for muscle and copper rods, respectively. Meanwhile, the blood vessels crossing the channel horizontally displayed 3.4 dB and 1.9 dB signal losses for muscle and copper rods, respectively, which were the smallest losses among the configurations. The laboratory investigations were in agreement with the simulations. Thus, this work substantiated the fat-IBC signal transmission variability in the context of varying blood vessel configurations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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