The Microbiome and Host Behavior
| Autor: | Elaine Y. Hsiao, Thomas C. Fung, Jessica M. Yano, Helen E. Vuong |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Gut–brain axis Biology Gut flora Amygdala digestive system Article 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Neurochemical medicine Animals Humans Microbiome General Neuroscience Mental Disorders Brain medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Gastrointestinal Microbiome Gastrointestinal Tract 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Autism spectrum disorder Autism Dysbiosis Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Annual review of neuroscience. 40 |
| ISSN: | 1545-4126 |
| Popis: | The microbiota is increasingly recognized for its ability to influence the development and function of the nervous system and several complex host behaviors. In this review, we discuss emerging roles for the gut microbiota in modulating host social and communicative behavior, stressor-induced behavior, and performance in learning and memory tasks. We summarize effects of the microbiota on host neurophysiology, including brain microstructure, gene expression, and neurochemical metabolism across regions of the amygdala, hippocampus, frontal cortex, and hypothalamus. We further assess evidence linking dysbiosis of the gut microbiota to neurobehavioral diseases, such as autism spectrum disorder and major depression, drawing upon findings from animal models and human trials. Finally, based on increasing associations between the microbiota, neurophysiology, and behavior, we consider whether investigating mechanisms underlying the microbiota-gut-brain axis could lead to novel approaches for treating particular neurological conditions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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