The first wave of the Spanish COVID-19 epidemic was associated with early introductions and fast spread of a dominating genetic variant
| Autor: | Begoña Palop-Borrás, Mónica Parra Grande, Verónica González Galán, Alexander Tristancho, Maitane Aranzamendi Zaldumbide, Irene Pedrosa-Corral, Jon Sicilia, Sara Sanbonmatsu-Gámez, Fernando González-Candelas, Maria Angeles Marcos, María Dolores Tirado Balaguer, Irving Cancino-Muñoz, José María Navarro-Marí, Galo A. Goig, Mariana G. López, Nuria Rabella, David Navarro, Rosario Moreno-Muñoz, Inmaculada Gómez-Navarro, Jovita Fernández-Pinero, Vicente Martín, Llucia Martínez-Priego, Lorena Robles Fonseca, Neris García-González, José Luis López-Hontangas, Mireia Coscolla, José Luis del Pozo, Begoña Fuster Escrivá, Paula Ruiz-Hueso, Ángel Rodríguez-Villodres, Ana Milagro Beamonte, María Alma Bracho, Jordi Reina, Manuela Torres-Puente, María Pilar Bea-Escudero, Ignacio Torres, Marta Herranz, Antonio Rezusta, Elisa Martró, José J. Costa-Alcalde, Maria Rodriguez, Laura Pérez-Lago, Giuseppe D’Auria, Lidia Ruiz-Roldán, Paula Ruiz-Rodríguez, José Antonio Boga, Silvia Hernáez Crespo, Ana Carvajal, Gustavo Cilla Eguiluz, María de Toro, Juan Alberola, Darío García de Viedma, Iñaki Comas, Eliseo Albert, José A. Lepe, Griselda de Marco, Anna Not, Milagrosa Montes Ros, Inmaculada de Toro Peinado, Álvaro Chiner-Oms, Concepción Gimeno Cardona, Nieves Gonzalo Jimeno, Luis Piñeiro Vázquez, Andrés Canut, Santiago Serrano, María Carmen Pérez González, Antoni E. Bordoy, Sebastián Duchêne, Jose Maria Marimon, Antonio Oliver |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, European Research Council, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), López, Mariana G., Chiner-Oms, Álvaro, Coscolla, Mireia, González-Candelas, Fernando, Comas, Iñaki, López, Mariana G. [0000-0002-2216-9232], Chiner-Oms, Álvaro [0000-0002-0463-0101], Coscolla, Mireia [0000-0003-0752-0538], González-Candelas, Fernando [0000-0002-0879-5798], Comas, Iñaki [0000-0001-5504-9408] |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0303 health sciences
03 medical and health sciences 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak 0302 clinical medicine Geography Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Research council Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Genetic variants Library science 030212 general & internal medicine 030304 developmental biology 3. Good health |
| Zdroj: | Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname |
| DOI: | 10.1101/2020.12.21.20248328 |
| Popis: | The COVID-19 pandemic has shaken the world since the beginning of 2020. Spain is among the European countries with the highest incidence of the disease during the first pandemic wave. We established a multidisciplinar consortium to monitor and study the evolution of the epidemic, with the aim of contributing to decision making and stopping rapid spreading across the country. We present the results for 2170 sequences from the first wave of the SARS-Cov-2 epidemic in Spain and representing 12% of diagnosed cases until 14th March. This effort allows us to document at least 500 initial introductions, between early February-March from multiple international sources. Importantly, we document the early raise of two dominant genetic variants in Spain (Spanish Epidemic Clades), named SEC7 and SEC8, likely amplified by superspreading events. In sharp contrast to other non-Asian countries those two variants were closely related to the initial variants of SARS-CoV-2 described in Asia and represented 40% of the genome sequences analyzed. The two dominant SECs were widely spread across the country compared to other genetic variants with SEC8 reaching a 60% prevalence just before the lockdown. Employing Bayesian phylodynamic analysis, we inferred a reduction in the effective reproductive number of these two SECs from around 2.5 to below 0.5 after the implementation of strict public-health interventions in mid March. The effects of lockdown on the genetic variants of the virus are reflected in the general replacement of preexisting SECs by a new variant at the beginning of the summer season. Our results reveal a significant difference in the genetic makeup of the epidemic in Spain and support the effectiveness of lockdown measures in controlling virus spread even for the most successful genetic variants. Finally, earlier control of SEC7 and particularly SEC8 might have reduced the incidence and impact of COVID-19 in our country. This work was funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III project COV20/00140, Spanish 593 National Research Council project CSIC-COV19-021 and ERC StG 638553 to IC, and BFU2017- 594 89594R to FGC. MC is supported by Ramón y Cajal program from Ministerio de Ciencia and 595 grants RTI2018-094399-A-I00 and SEJI/2019/011. 596 We gratefully acknowledge Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Instituto de Salud Carlos 597 III, IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Lab and all the international researchers and institutions that 598 submitted sequenced SARS-CoV-2 genomes to the GISAID’s EpiCov™ Database, as an 599 important part of our analyses have been made possible by the share of their work. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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