Anatomy of the red cell membrane skeleton: unanswered questions
| Autor: | Samuel E. Lux |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Models Molecular Immunology macromolecular substances Tropomyosin Biology Biochemistry Protein Structure Secondary 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Cell cortex Ankyrin Inner membrane Animals Humans Spectrin Lipid bilayer Lipid raft Cytoskeleton chemistry.chemical_classification Sarcolemma Erythrocyte Membrane EPB41 Cell Biology Hematology Anatomy Cell biology Protein Structure Tertiary Actin Cytoskeleton 030104 developmental biology chemistry 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis |
| Zdroj: | Blood. 127(2) |
| ISSN: | 1528-0020 |
| Popis: | The red cell membrane skeleton is a pseudohexagonal meshwork of spectrin, actin, protein 4.1R, ankyrin, and actin-associated proteins that laminates the inner membrane surface and attaches to the overlying lipid bilayer via band 3–containing multiprotein complexes at the ankyrin- and actin-binding ends of spectrin. The membrane skeleton strengthens the lipid bilayer and endows the membrane with the durability and flexibility to survive in the circulation. In the 36 years since the first primitive model of the red cell skeleton was proposed, many additional proteins have been discovered, and their structures and interactions have been defined. However, almost nothing is known of the skeleton’s physiology, and myriad questions about its structure remain, including questions concerning the structure of spectrin in situ, the way spectrin and other proteins bind to actin, how the membrane is assembled, the dynamics of the skeleton when the membrane is deformed or perturbed by parasites, the role lipids play, and variations in membrane structure in unique regions like lipid rafts. This knowledge is important because the red cell membrane skeleton is the model for spectrin-based membrane skeletons in all cells, and because defects in the red cell membrane skeleton underlie multiple hemolytic anemias. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|