Waterpipe tobacco smoke toxicity: the impact of waterpipe size
| Autor: | Emilie Uffman, Ronnae Mailig, Hannah Stadtler, Cindy DeForest Hauser, Karen K. Bernd, Shi Chen, Jenna Reed |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Health (social science)
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Cell Survival Water Pipe Smoking Tobacco Waterpipe 01 natural sciences Article Smoking Water Pipes 03 medical and health sciences Human health 0302 clinical medicine Smoke Animals Humans Waterpipe Tobacco 030212 general & internal medicine Food science Particle Size Cells Cultured 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Air liquid interface Chemistry Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Rats Membrane integrity Alveolar Epithelial Cells Toxicity Particle size |
| Zdroj: | Tob Control |
| ISSN: | 1468-3318 0964-4563 |
| DOI: | 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-054960 |
| Popis: | IntroductionWaterpipe tobacco smoking continues to show increasing popularity, especially among individuals between 18 and 22 years old. Waterpipe tobacco smoke (WTS) is a mixture of particulates and gases formed from the combustion of the charcoal and volatilisation and humidification of the tobacco+humectant+flavouring substrate known as shisha or mu’assel. As such, variation in the configuration of the waterpipe may affect the particles produced. Our study focuses on the effects of waterpipe size on the physical properties and cytotoxicity of the smoke produced.MethodsShisha type and headspace volume were held constant and a modified Beirut puff protocol was followed while the size of the waterpipe was varied. Particle concentrations and size distributions were measured using a TSI Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer. Type II alveolar cells were exposed to smoke at the air-liquid interface and two metrics of cell health analysed.ResultsIn a 30 min session, we observed a decrease in total particle concentration (1014–1013) and mass (10 000–2800 mg/m3) and an increase in particle size (125–170 nm) as pipe height increases from 22 to 55 cm and bowl size from 300 to 1250 mL. Smoke from all pipe sizes caused decreases in lysosomal function (>40%) and membrane integrity (>60%) 24 hours post 57 min exposure, and meet the National Institutes of Health definition of a cytotoxic agent (≥30% decrease in cell viability).ConclusionSmoke from waterpipes of all sizes causes significant alveolar cellular harm, indicating that this device needs regulation as a hazard to human health. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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