Receptor-Mediated Cellular Uptake of Folate-Conjugated Fluorescent Nanodiamonds: A Combined Ensemble and Single-Particle Study
| Autor: | Yingqi Li, Chao-Sheng Chen, Bailin Zhang, Cheng-Chun Chang, Yi-Ying Chen, Huan-Cheng Chang, Chia-Yi Fang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
Biological Transport Active Biocompatible Materials Receptors Cell Surface Endocytosis Flow cytometry Biomaterials HeLa Folic Acid Fluorescence microscope medicine Humans Nanotechnology General Materials Science Particle Size Fluorescent Dyes Microscopy Confocal Bioconjugation biology medicine.diagnostic_test Folate Receptors GPI-Anchored General Chemistry Receptor-mediated endocytosis biology.organism_classification Fluorescence Cross-Linking Reagents Microscopy Fluorescence Biochemistry Cancer cell Biophysics Nanoparticles Diamond Carrier Proteins HeLa Cells Biotechnology |
| Zdroj: | Small. 5:2716-2721 |
| ISSN: | 1613-6829 1613-6810 |
| Popis: | Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are nontoxic and photostable nanomaterials, ideal for long-term in vivo imaging applications. This paper reports that FNDs with a size of approximately 140 nm can be covalently conjugated with folic acid (FA) for receptor-mediated targeting of cancer cells at the single-particle level. The conjugation is made by using biocompatible polymers, such as polyethylene glycol, as crosslinked buffer layers. Ensemble-averaged measurements with flow cytometry indicate that more than 50% of the FA-conjugated FND particles can be internalized by the cells (such as HeLa cells) through receptor-mediated endocytosis, as confirmed by competitive inhibition assays. Confocal fluorescence microscopy reveals that these FND particles accumulate in the perinuclear region. The absolute number of FNDs internalized by HeLa cells after 3 h of incubation at a particle concentration of 10 microg mL(-1) is in the range of 100 particles per cell. The receptor-mediated uptake process is further elucidated by single-particle tracking of 35-nm FNDs in three dimensions and real time during the endocytosis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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