Phylogenetic Signal in Bone Microstructure of Sauropsids
| Autor: | Jorge Cubo, Jacques Castanet, Fleur Ponton, E. de Margerie, Michel Laurin |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Adaptations et évolution des systèmes ostéomusculaires (AESO), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Systematics Biology Models Biological 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Bone and Bones Birds 03 medical and health sciences Phylogenetics Genetics Animals Clade Phylogeny Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics 030304 developmental biology Analysis of Variance 0303 health sciences Phylogenetic tree Reptiles Phylogenetic comparative methods Anatomy Classification Taxon Regression Analysis Mantel test Distance matrices in phylogeny |
| Zdroj: | Systematic Biology Systematic Biology, Oxford University Press (OUP), 2005, 54, pp.562-574 Systematic Biology, 2005, 54, pp.562-574 |
| ISSN: | 1076-836X 1063-5157 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/10635150591003461 |
| Popis: | In spite of the fact that the potential usefulness of bone histology in systematics has been discussed for over one and a half centuries, the presence of a phylogenetic signal in the variation of histological characters has rarely been assessed. A quantitative assessment of phylogenetic signal in bone histological characters could provide a justification for performing optimizations of these traits onto independently generated phylogenetic trees (as has been done in recent years). Here we present an investigation on the quantification of the phylogenetic signal in the following bone histological, microanatomical, and morphological traits in a sample of femora of 35 species of sauropsids: vascular density, vascular orientation, index of Haversian remodeling, cortical thickness, and cross-sectional area (bone size). For this purpose, we use two methods, regressions on distance matrices tested for significance using permutations (a Mantel test) and random tree length distribution. Within sauropsids, these bone microstructural traits have an optimal systematic value in archosaurs. In this taxon, a Mantel test shows that the phylogeny explains 81.8% of the variation of bone size and 86.2% of the variation of cortical thickness. In contrast, a Mantel test suggests that the phylogenetic signal in histological traits is weak: although the phylogeny explains 18.7% of the variation of vascular density in archosaurs, the phylogenetic signal is not significant either for vascular orientation or for the index of Haversian remodeling. However, Mantel tests seem to underestimate the proportion of variance of the dependent character explained by the phylogeny, as suggested by a PVR (phylogenetic eigenvector) analysis. We also deal with some complementary questions. First, we evaluate the functional dependence of bone vascular density on bone size by using phylogenetically independent contrasts. Second, we perform a variation partitioning analysis and show that the phylogenetic signal in bone vascular density is not a by-product of phylogentic signal in bone size. Finally, we analyze the evolution of cortical thickness in diapsids by using an optimization by squared change parsimony and discuss the functional significance of this character in terms of decreased buoyancy in crocodiles and mass saving in birds. These results are placed in the framework of the constructional morphology model, according to which the variation of a character in a clade has a historical (phylogenetic) component, a functional (adaptive) component, and a structural (architectural) component. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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