Perfluoroalkyl sulfonates and perfluorocarboxylates in two wastewater treatment facilities in Kentucky and Georgia
| Autor: | Bommanna G. Loganathan, Ewan Sinclair, Kurunthachalam Senthil Kumar, Kurunthachalam Kannan, Kenneth S. Sajwan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2007 |
| Předmět: |
Alkanesulfonates
Pollution Georgia Environmental Engineering media_common.quotation_subject Carboxylic Acids Kentucky Sewage Incineration Waste Disposal Fluid Fluorotelomer Waste Management and Disposal Effluent Water Science and Technology Civil and Structural Engineering media_common Fluorocarbons Chemistry business.industry Ecological Modeling Contamination Biodegradation Wastewater Environmental chemistry Sewage treatment business Water Pollutants Chemical Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Water Research. 41:4611-4620 |
| ISSN: | 0043-1354 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.watres.2007.06.045 |
| Popis: | Discharge of effluents from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a route for the introduction of certain organic contaminants into aquatic environments. Earlier studies have reported the occurrence of perfluorochemicals in effluents from WWTPs. In this study, contamination profiles of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), including perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFASs; PFOS, PFOSA, PFHxS) and perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFACs; PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFDoDA, PFUnDA), were determined in samples collected at various stages of wastewater treatment during different seasons. The two WWTPs selected for this study represent rural (Plant A, Kentucky) and urban (Plant B, Georgia) areas. PFOS was a major contaminant in samples from Plant A (8.2-990 ng/g dry wt in solid samples and 7.0-149 ng/L in aqueous samples), followed by PFOA (8.3-219 ng/g dry wt in solid samples and 22-334 ng/L in aqueous samples). PFOA was the predominant contaminant in samples from Plant B (7.0-130 ng/g dry wt in solid samples and 1-227 ng/L in aqueous samples), followed by PFOS ( |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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