Gestational age and birth growth parameters as early predictors of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
| Autor: | Belinda Joubert, Melanie A. Manning, Soraya Seedat, Philip A. May, H. Eugene Hoyme, Marise Cloete, Sumien Roux Symington, David Buckley, Isobel Botha, Marlene M. de Vries, Wendy O. Kalberg, Anna-Susan Marais, Julie M. Hasken, Luther K. Robinson, Charles D. H. Parry |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Fetal alcohol syndrome Medicine (miscellaneous) Toxicology Article Odds Fetal alcohol South Africa Young Adult Neurodevelopmental disorder Child Development Pregnancy medicine Humans Child reproductive and urinary physiology Growth Disorders Retrospective Studies business.industry Obstetrics Infant Newborn Gestational age Odds ratio medicine.disease female genital diseases and pregnancy complications Psychiatry and Mental health Logistic Models Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Infant Small for Gestational Age Small for gestational age Female business Infant Premature |
| Zdroj: | Alcohol Clin Exp Res |
| ISSN: | 1530-0277 |
| Popis: | Objective To investigate gestational age and growth at birth as predictors of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Methods The sample analyzed here comprises 737 randomly selected children who were assessed for growth, dysmorphology, and neurobehavior at 7 years of age. Maternal interviews were conducted to ascertain prenatal alcohol exposure and other maternal risk factors. Birth data originated from clinic records and the data at 7 years of age originated from population-based, in-school studies. Binary linear regression assessed the relationship between preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA), and their combination on the odds of a specific FASD diagnosis or any FASD. Results Among children diagnosed with FASD at 7 years of age (n = 255), a review of birth records indicated that 18.4% were born preterm, 51.4% were SGA, and 5.9% were both preterm and SGA. When compared to non-FASD controls (n = 482), the birth percentages born preterm, SGA, and both preterm and SGA were respectively 12.0%, 27.7%, and 0.5%. Mothers of children with FASD reported more drinking during all trimesters, higher gravidity, lower educational attainment, and older age at pregnancy. After controlling for usual drinks per drinking day in the first trimester, number of trimesters of drinking, maternal education, tobacco use, and maternal age, the odds ratio of an FASD diagnosis by age 7 was significantly associated with SGA (OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.35 to 3.45). SGA was also significantly associated with each of the 3 most common specific diagnoses within the FASD continuum: fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS; OR = 3.1), partial FAS (OR = 2.1), and alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (OR = 2.0). Conclusion SGA is a robust early indicator for FASD in this random sample of children assessed at 7 years of age. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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