Verification of mid-ocean ballast water exchange using naturally occurring coastal tracers
| Autor: | Robert M. Sherrell, Kathleen R. Murphy, Paula G. Coble, Jay T. Cullen, Gregory M. Ruiz, Willard S. Moore, Paul Field, Jennifer Boehme, Elgin S. Perry |
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| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Předmět: |
Ballast
Ballast tank Sodium Chloride Aquatic Science Oceanography Waste Disposal Fluid Fluorescence Dissolved organic carbon Organic Chemicals Radioactive Tracers Atlantic Ocean Ships Hydrology Models Statistical Pacific Ocean Geography Pelagic zone Pollution Chemical oceanography Trace Elements Salinity Colored dissolved organic matter Multivariate Analysis Radium Waste disposal |
| Zdroj: | Marine Pollution Bulletin. 48:711-730 |
| ISSN: | 0025-326X |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2003.10.015 |
| Popis: | We examined methods for verifying whether or not ships have performed mid-ocean ballast water exchange (BWE) on four commercial vessels operating in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. During BWE, a ship replaces the coastal water in its ballast tanks with water drawn from the open ocean, which is considered to harbor fewer organisms capable of establishing in coastal environments. We measured concentrations of several naturally occurring chemical tracers (salinity, six trace elements, colored dissolved organic matter fluorescence and radium isotopes) along ocean transects and in ballast tanks subjected to varying degrees of BWE (0-99%). Many coastal tracers showed significant concentration changes due to BWE, and our ability to detect differences between exchanged and unexchanged ballast tanks was greatest under multivariate analysis. An expanded dataset, which includes additional geographic regions, is now needed to test the generality of our results. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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