The Caryopsis of Red-Grained Rice Has Enhanced Resistance to Fungal Attack
| Autor: | Dailly Kouongni Satsap, Fabio Maisenti, Franca Finocchiaro, Alberto Gianinetti, Valeria Terzi, Caterina Morcia, Roberta Ghizzoni |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Microbiology (medical) Plant Science Biology Oryza 01 natural sciences Article Caryopsis seedling growth 03 medical and health sciences seed fungal infection Cultivar pigmented rice lcsh:QH301-705.5 Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Oryza sativa Red rice food and beverages biology.organism_classification grain mycotoxins Horticulture 030104 developmental biology germination lcsh:Biology (General) Seedling Germination red rice Epicoccum nigrum proanthocyanidins 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Fungi, Vol 4, Iss 2, p 71 (2018) Journal of Fungi Volume 4 Issue 2 |
| Popis: | Seed persistence in the soil is threatened by microorganisms, but the seed coat helps protect the seed from them. Although modern rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars have a whitish caryopsis, some varieties have a red caryopsis coat, a trait typical of wild Oryza species. The red colour is due to the oxidation of proanthocyanidins, a class of flavonoids that is found in the outer layers of the seed in many species. We aimed to assess whether these natural compounds (proanthocyanidins and proanthocyanidin-derived pigment) have some protective effect against microbial attacks. Dehulled caryopses of white-grained and red-grained rice genotypes were employed to assay fungal infection. Specifically, three white-grained rice cultivars (Perla, Augusto, and Koral) and three red-grained rice varieties (Perla Rosso, Augusto Rosso, and Koral Rosso) were used. In a first test, the caryopses were infected with Epicoccum nigrum at 10 ° C, and seedling growth was then assessed at 30 ° C. In a second test, the degree of infection by the mycotoxigenic fungus Fusarium sporotrichioides was assayed by measuring the accumulation of T-2/HT-2 toxins in the caryopses. Infection was performed at 10 ° C to prevent rice germination while allowing fungal growth. In both the tests, red caryopses showed reduced, or delayed, infection with respect to white ones. One black-grained cultivar (Venere) was assayed for the accumulation of T-2/HT-2 toxins as well, with results corresponding to those of the red-grained rice varieties. We argue that the red pigment accumulating in the caryopsis coat, and/or the proanthocyanidins associated with it, provides a protective barrier against challenging microorganisms. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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