Emergence of spatial stream segregation in the ascending auditory pathway
| Autor: | John C. Middlebrooks, Peter Bremen, Justin D. Yao |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Inferior colliculus
Sound localization Male Auditory scene analysis Auditory Pathways forward suppression auditory scene analysis medial geniculate body Action Potentials Stimulus (physiology) Auditory cortex Medical and Health Sciences Statistics Nonparametric Rats Sprague-Dawley GABA Antagonists inferior colliculus Discrimination Psychological Discrimination Animals auditory cortex Nonparametric Sound Localization Auditory Cortex Neurons Neurology & Neurosurgery General Neuroscience Statistics cocktail party Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Neurosciences Geniculate Bodies Articles Medial geniculate body Inferior Colliculi Rats SSS Acoustic Stimulation Sensory Thresholds Neurological Psychological Brainstem Sprague-Dawley Psychology Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | Yao, JD; Bremen, P; & Middlebrooks, JC. (2015). Emergence of spatial stream segregation in the ascending auditory pathway. Journal of Neuroscience, 35(49), 16199-16212. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3116-15.2015. UC Irvine: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3zw2770n The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, vol 35, iss 49 |
| Popis: | Stream segregation enables a listener to disentangle multiple competing sequences of sounds. A recent study from our laboratory demonstrated that cortical neurons in anesthetized cats exhibit spatial stream segregation (SSS) by synchronizing preferentially to one of two sequences of noise bursts that alternate between two source locations. Here, we examine the emergence of SSS along the ascending auditory pathway. Extracellular recordings were made in anesthetized rats from the inferior colliculus (IC), the nucleus of the brachium of the IC (BIN), the medial geniculate body (MGB), and the primary auditory cortex (A1). Stimuli consisted of interleaved sequences of broadband noise bursts that alternated between two source locations. At stimulus presentation rates of 5 and 10 bursts per second, at which human listeners report robust SSS, neural SSS is weak in the central nucleus of the IC (ICC), it appears in the nucleus of the brachium of the IC (BIN) and in approximately two-thirds of neurons in the ventral MGB (MGBv), and is prominent throughout A1. The enhancement of SSS at the cortical level reflects both increased spatial sensitivity and increased forward suppression. We demonstrate that forward suppression in A1 does not result from synaptic inhibition at the cortical level. Instead, forward suppression might reflect synaptic depression in the thalamocortical projection. Together, our findings indicate that auditory streams are increasingly segregated along the ascending auditory pathway as distinct mutually synchronized neural populations.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTListeners are capable of disentangling multiple competing sequences of sounds that originate from distinct sources. This stream segregation is aided by differences in spatial location between the sources. A possible substrate of spatial stream segregation (SSS) has been described in the auditory cortex, but the mechanisms leading to those cortical responses are unknown. Here, we investigated SSS in three levels of the ascending auditory pathway with extracellular unit recordings in anesthetized rats. We found that neural SSS emerges within the ascending auditory pathway as a consequence of sharpening of spatial sensitivity and increasing forward suppression. Our results highlight brainstem mechanisms that culminate in SSS at the level of the auditory cortex. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|