Aplysia Locomotion: Network and Behavioral Actions of GdFFD, a D-Amino Acid-Containing Neuropeptide
| Autor: | Ting Ting Chen, Jian Jing, Jonathan V. Sweedler, Ye Wang, Chao Yu Yang, Itamar Livnat, Ke Yu, Zheng Yang Wang, Shao Zhong Yang, Song An Chen, Ferdinand S. Vilim, Yan Nan Su, Dan Dan Liu, Klaudiusz R. Weiss, Elizabeth C. Cropper |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Central Nervous System Physiology Video Recording lcsh:Medicine Nervous System Biochemistry Computer Applications 0302 clinical medicine Neuromodulation Aplysia Medicine and Health Sciences Biomechanics lcsh:Science chemistry.chemical_classification Multidisciplinary Behavior Animal Brain Neurochemistry Anatomy Animal Models Amino acid Electrophysiology medicine.anatomical_structure medicine.symptom Locomotion Muscle contraction Muscle Contraction Research Article Computer and Information Sciences Imaging Techniques Central nervous system Neuropeptide Biology Research and Analysis Methods Computer Software 03 medical and health sciences Bursting Model Organisms medicine Animals Biological Locomotion lcsh:R Neuropeptides Organisms Biology and Life Sciences Molluscs biology.organism_classification Invertebrates 030104 developmental biology Biological Tissue chemistry Gastropods Sea Slugs lcsh:Q Ganglia Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 1, p e0147335 (2016) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | One emerging principle is that neuromodulators, such as neuropeptides, regulate multiple behaviors, particularly motivated behaviors, e.g., feeding and locomotion. However, how neuromodulators act on multiple neural networks to exert their actions remains poorly understood. These actions depend on the chemical form of the peptide, e.g., an alternation of L- to D- form of an amino acid can endow the peptide with bioactivity, as is the case for the Aplysia peptide GdFFD (where dF indicates D-phenylalanine). GdFFD has been shown to act as an extrinsic neuromodulator in the feeding network, while the all L-amino acid form, GFFD, was not bioactive. Given that both GdFFD/GFFD are also present in pedal neurons that mediate locomotion, we sought to determine whether they impact locomotion. We first examined effects of both peptides on isolated ganglia, and monitored fictive programs using the parapedal commissural nerve (PPCN). Indeed, GdFFD was bioactive and GFFD was not. GdFFD increased the frequency with which neural activity was observed in the PPCN. In part, there was an increase in bursting spiking activity that resembled fictive locomotion. Additionally, there was significant activity between bursts. To determine how the peptide-induced activity in the isolated CNS is translated into behavior, we recorded animal movements, and developed a computer program to automatically track the animal and calculate the path of movement and velocity of locomotion. We found that GdFFD significantly reduced locomotion and induced a foot curl. These data suggest that the increase in PPCN activity observed in the isolated CNS during GdFFD application corresponds to a reduction, rather than an increase, in locomotion. In contrast, GFFD had no effect. Thus, our study suggests that GdFFD may act as an intrinsic neuromodulator in the Aplysia locomotor network. More generally, our study indicates that physiological and behavioral analyses should be combined to evaluate peptide actions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|