Perinatal hepatitis B virus transmission in Lao PDR: A prospective cohort study
| Autor: | Christian Trepo, Nicolas Steenkeste, Philippe Vanhems, Woottichai Khamduang, Laurent Malato, Syvilay Thammasack, Valy Keoluangkhot, Nicolas Salvadori, Vatthanaphone Latthaphasavang, Philavanh Sibounlang, Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong, Paul Dény, Gonzague Jourdain, Phimpha Paboriboune |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
HBsAg Physiology Maternal Health Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension Gene mutation medicine.disease_cause Biochemistry Polymerase Chain Reaction Gastroenterology Families Labor and Delivery Database and Informatics Methods 0302 clinical medicine Pregnancy Immune Physiology Medicine and Health Sciences Hepatitis B e Antigens Prospective Studies 030212 general & internal medicine Pregnancy Complications Infectious Prospective cohort study Children Pathology and laboratory medicine Vaccines Immune System Proteins Multidisciplinary biology Obstetrics and Gynecology virus diseases Medical microbiology Hepatitis B Infectious Diseases Vietnam HBeAg Viruses Medicine Female 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology Pathogens Antibody Infants Sequence Analysis Viral load Research Article Adult Hepatitis B virus medicine.medical_specialty Infectious Disease Control Bioinformatics Science Immunology Research and Analysis Methods Microbiology Antibodies 03 medical and health sciences Antigen Internal medicine medicine Humans Hepatitis B Vaccines Molecular Biology Techniques Molecular Biology Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Biology and life sciences business.industry Infant Newborn Viral pathogens Organisms Infant Proteins Neonates Infectious Disease Transmission Vertical Hepatitis viruses digestive system diseases Microbial pathogens Age Groups DNA Viral People and Places Birth biology.protein Women's Health Population Groupings business Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 4, p e0215011 (2019) PLoS ONE |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | BackgroundMother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the main cause of new infections worldwide. We aimed at assessing the percentage of infants successfully immunized in two major hospitals in Vientiane, Lao PDR where HB immune globulin (HBIg) is not available.MethodsWe studied a prospective cohort of chronically HBV infected pregnant women and their infants until 6 months post-partum from January 2015 to March 2017. All infants received HB vaccine at birth and 6, 10 and 14 weeks thereafter, and HBV status was assessed at 6 months of age. HBV surface gene sequencing was performed in infected mother-infant pairs.ResultsOf 153 mothers with HB surface antigen (HBsAg), 60 (39%) had detectable serum HBe antigen (HBeAg). HBeAg positive pregnant women were younger than those negative (median age 26 versus 28 years; p = 0.02) and had a significantly higher HBV viral load at delivery (median 8.0 versus 4.0 log10 IU/mL, p 8.5 log10 IU/mL. However, only four (3.3%, 95% CI 0.5% to 7.0%) had a virus strain closely related to their mother's strain. HBV surface gene mutations were detected in 4 of the 5 infected infants. Anti-HBs antibody levels were below 10 IU/L in 10 (9%) uninfected infants at 6 months of age.ConclusionsMother-to-child transmission occurred less frequently than expected without the use of HBIg. Adding HBIg and/or maternal antiviral prophylaxis may have prevented some of these infections. The observation of unsatisfactory levels of anti-HBs antibodies in 9% of the uninfected infants at 6 months highlights the need for improvement of the universal immunization procedures. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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