Cutaneous leishmaniasis: an evolving disease with ancient roots
| Autor: | Maelle Saliba, Rana El Hajj, Awss Shalhoub, Suad Taraif, Asif Loya, Mohammad Adib Houreih, Ibrahim Khalifeh |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Pathology medicine.medical_specialty Leishmania tropica Adolescent Saudi Arabia Leishmaniasis Cutaneous Dermatology Global Burden of Disease Lesion 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Cutaneous leishmaniasis Medicine Humans Leishmania major Pakistan Lebanon Child Aged Retrospective Studies Skin Aged 80 and over biology Syria business.industry Infant Neglected Diseases Leishmaniasis Hyperplasia Middle Aged medicine.disease biology.organism_classification 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Granuloma Child Preschool Female medicine.symptom business Spongiosis |
| Zdroj: | International journal of dermatology. 58(7) |
| ISSN: | 1365-4632 |
| Popis: | Background Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains a prioritized neglected tropical disease. CL novel presentations call for updating its features. Methods A multiregional cohort of 396 patients with confirmed CL was reviewed. Lesion's clinical stage and eruption type were assigned. Disease was considered as extensive if numerous (≥5), large (>3 cm), disfiguring, threatening vital sensory organs, and/or older than 12 months. Microscopically, Ackerman's inflammatory pattern, Ridley's pattern (RP), and parasitic index (PI) were recorded. Microscopic variables pertaining to the organisms, epidermis, and host's inflammatory response were also assessed. All cases were confirmed and speciated molecularly. Results In our region, 71.8% of cases showed extensive disease with 15.7% exceeding 12 months duration. Leishmania tropica accounted for 91.3% of cases while Leishmania major constituted 8.7% and presented solely as dry lesions. The dominant inflammatory composite consisted of plasma cells, lymphocytes, and histiocytes. Granulomatous inflammation was present in 55.5%. Most cases showed interface changes (72.7%), spongiosis (75.3%), and marked epidermal hyperplasia (63.9%). Transepidermal elimination of organisms was present in 29.2% of cases. None of traditional classification patterns (clinical stage, microscopic pattern, and RP) showed the predicted linear correlation with lesion age. High and low PI levels correlated with early and healing microscopic patterns, respectively, but did not correlate with the corresponding RPs. PI was bimodal with peaks at 3-6 and 9-12 months. Conclusion Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an evolving disease defying the traditional prediction classifications. Our study sets the ground for adopting updated clinical courses, microscopic presentation, and species mapping. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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