Self‐initiated learning reveals memory performance and electrophysiological differences between younger, older and older adults with relative memory impairment

Autor:	Michael Keane, Dervla Gallen, Richard A. P. Roche, Michael Hogan, Christina Ward, Joanne Kenney, Paul M. Dockree, Nicola Hohensen, Clare Cassidy
Rok vydání:	2019
Předmět:	Male medicine.medical_specialty Elaborative encoding Audiology Memory performance Visual processing Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Memory Event-related potential Encoding (memory) Reaction Time medicine Humans Learning Memory impairment Aged 030304 developmental biology Memory Disorders 0303 health sciences General Neuroscience Age Factors Electroencephalography Recognition Psychology P200 Electrophysiology Female Psychology Psychomotor Performance 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj:	European Journal of Neuroscience. 50:3855-3872
ISSN:	1460-9568 0953-816X
Popis:	Older adults display difficulties in encoding and retrieval of information, resulting in poorer memory. This may be due to an inability of older adults to engage elaborative encoding strategies during learning. This study examined behavioural and electrophysiological effects of explicit cues to self-initiate learning during encoding and subsequent recognition of words in younger adults (YA), older control adults (OA) and older adults with relative memory impairment (OD). The task was a variation of the old/new paradigm, some study items were preceded by a cue to learn the word (L) while others by a do not learn cue (X). Behaviourally, YA outperformed OA and OD on the recognition task, with no significant difference between OA and OD. Event-related potentials at encoding revealed enhanced early visual processing (70-140 ms) for L- versus X-words in young and old. Only YA exhibited a greater late posterior positivity (LPP; 200-500 ms) for all words during encoding perhaps reflecting superior encoding strategy. During recognition, only YA differentiated L- versus X-words with enhanced frontal P200 (150-250 ms) suggesting impaired early word selection for retrieval in older groups; however, OD had enhanced P200 activity compared to OA during L-word retrieval. The LPP (250-500 ms) was reduced in amplitude for L-words compared to both X- and new words. However, YA showed greater LPP amplitude for all words compared to OA. For older groups, we observed reduced left parietal hemispheric asymmetry apparent in YA during encoding and recognition, especially for OD. Findings are interpreted in the light of models of compensation and dedifferentiation associated with age-related changes in memory function.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::94bd8fedd634e5fa4775abed5f9e057d https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14530 Zobrazit plný text záznamu Plný text ve formátu PDF Plný text ve formátu HTML
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