Efficacy and safety of 1 and 2 doses of live attenuated influenza vaccine in vaccine-naive children
| Autor: | Humberto, Bracco Neto, Calil K, Farhat, Miguel Wenceslao, Tregnaghi, Shabir A, Madhi, Ahmad, Razmpour, Giuseppe, Palladino, Margaret G, Small, William C, Gruber, Bruce D, Forrest, H C, Weber |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
Male Argentina Placebo medicine.disease_cause Vaccines Attenuated Drug Administration Schedule law.invention South Africa Influenza A Virus H1N1 Subtype Randomized controlled trial Double-Blind Method law Influenza Human Influenza A virus medicine Live attenuated influenza vaccine Humans Multicenter Studies as Topic Seroconversion Adverse effect Administration Intranasal Immunization Schedule business.industry Influenza A Virus H3N2 Subtype Infant Vaccination Influenza B virus Otitis Media Infectious Diseases Influenza Vaccines Child Preschool Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Immunology Nasal administration Female business Brazil |
| Zdroj: | The Pediatric infectious disease journal. 28(5) |
| ISSN: | 0891-3668 |
| Popis: | We investigated the efficacy and safety of 1 versus 2 doses of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) in influenza vaccine-naive children aged 6 to36 months.Subjects were randomized to 1 of 4 regimens in year 1: 2 doses LAIV, 1 dose LAIV, excipient placebo, or saline placebo. In year 2, LAIV recipients were to receive 1 dose of LAIV and placebo recipients were to receive saline placebo. Because of an unintended treatment allocation error in year 2, 1 block of subjects who were randomized to LAIV received saline placebo and 1 block who were randomized to placebo received LAIV.In year 1, vaccine efficacy versus placebo among recipients of 2 and 1 doses of LAIV was 73.5% and 57.7%, respectively, against antigenically similar strains. In year 2, absolute efficacy of a single dose of LAIV was 73.6% and 65.2%, respectively, in recipients of 2 and 1 doses of LAIV in year 1. Year 2 efficacy was 57.0% in subjects who received 2 doses of LAIV in year 1 and placebo in year 2. Safety and tolerability of LAIV were consistent with previous studies. Reactogenicity was similar between placebo groups. Seroconversion rates were significantly higher in the 2-dose versus the 1-dose LAIV group in year 1 and in both LAIV groups versus placebo in years 1 and 2.One dose of LAIV provided clinically significant protection against influenza in young children previously unvaccinated against influenza; 2 doses provided additional protection. Protection after 2 doses in year 1 persisted through a second season without revaccination. LAIV excipients were not a major contributor to reactogenicity. These benefits provide support for increased use of LAIV in childrenor =2 years of age. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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