The Use of Quinacrine in Nitroimidazole-resistant Giardia Duodenalis: An Old Drug for an Emerging Problem

Autor: Maria Eugenia Valls, Ana Requena-Méndez, Antonio Clavel, Victoria Fumadó, Diana Pou, Encarnación Rubio, Edelweiss Aldasoro, Silvia Lóbez, Jose Muñoz, Begoña Treviño, Joaquim Gascon, Antonio Federico Martínez Montseny, Pilar Goñi, Juan Cabezos
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
Zdroj: Dipòsit Digital de la UB
Universidad de Barcelona
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
r-FSJD: Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname
Zaguán. Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Zaragoza
r-FSJD. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
ISSN: 1537-6613
0022-1899
Popis: Background: There is little evidence regarding the management of refractory giardiasis after treatment with nitroimidazoles. This study estimates the proportion of persistent giardiasis in 3 hospitals in Barcelona, describes associated risk factors and genotype, and evaluates the efficacy rate of quinacrine in those with persistent giardiasis. Methods: A clinical, prospective, observational study was conducted in patients with giardiasis treated with nitroimidazoles. Those with persistent giardiasis were provided quinacrine. Molecular characterization of Giardia isolates was performed by polymerase chain reaction amplification of a fragment of tpi and bg genes. Results: Seventy-seven patients were recruited and treated with nitroimidazoles, and in 14 of 71 (20%) of patients followed up, Giardia persisted. Refractory giardiasis was associated with malaise (P = .007) and anorexia (P = .02), with previous giardiasis (P = .03), and with previous antibiotic (P = .02) or antiparasitic(P = .04) use. Quinacrine had an effectiveness rate of 100% in refractory giardiasis (n = 13; 95% confidence interval = 75-100). Molecular characterization showed that 17 (25%) Giardia isolates belonged to assemblage A, and 31 (43%) belonged to assemblage B. In refractory giardiasis, assemblage A and B were found responsible in 4 and 6 cases, respectively. Conclusions: Almost 20% of patients presented persistent giardiasis, belonging to both assemblages A and B, after nitroimidazole. Short course of quinacrine was effective in treating refractory cases. Further controlled studies should evaluate its efficacy and safety.
Databáze: OpenAIRE