| Popis: |
Feature of climate change and runoff for the middle-lower part of the basin of the Southern Bug River (in location of the South-Ukrainian Nuclear Power Plant) of the second half of the XX century and at the beginning of the XXI century are analyzed. Due to climate change, the increase of the average annual air temperature (on 0.16—0.28 °C per 10 year) and insignificant increase of annual the amount of precipitation in this region (on 1—2 %) for period 1945—2017 occurred. However, more intense warming and negative tendency decrease of annual the amount of precipitation (on 3—10 % and in summer on 20—30 %) for the last several decades at the meteostations Pervomaisk and Voznesensk and was observed. Such regional climate change can lead, to a certain extent, to the decrease of water content of the reservoirs, due anomaly increasing temperatures and decreasing precipitations in summer (July—August) and increased evaporation in basin of the Southern Bug River. Slight increase annual the amount of precipitations (and in the cold season) in this part of the basin do not compensate such negative tendency. Rather complicated and dangerous hydrological situation in the basin of the Southern Bug River and reservoirs for period 2015—2017 due to the lowest water level by period of operation of reservoirs was due to the difficult weather conditions (aridization of climatic conditions) and increased water consumption (the runoff of the Southern Bug River in August—September was about 15 % less than the monthly norm). In the delta of the Southern Bug River, there are the unfavorable situation also. So, in the Bug Liman take place: increase of water salinity, de-crease of depths, increase of water temperature, reduce of volume of fresh water flow from river intensification of the influx of salt water from the Black Sea. The regional climate change and runoff can lead to some complications in the further effective exploitation of SUNPP and probably there will be accompanied by negative environmental impact that should be avoided. Therefore, it is important to find a reasonable compromise between economic feasibility and preservation of the environment. |
