Hepatitis E virus infection and acute-on-chronic liver failure in West Africa: a case-control study from The Gambia

Autor: Saydiba Tamba, Harr Freeya Njai, Gibril Ndow, Makie Taal, Maud Lemoine, Simon D. Taylor-Robinson, Mark Thursz, Ramou Njie, Kazuaki Takahashi, A. Ceesay, L. Berg, A. Jeng‐Barry, Yusuke Shimakawa, Umberto D'Alessandro, Shunji Mishiro, Sheikh Mohammad Fazle Akbar, E. Opoku, Masahiro Arai
Přispěvatelé: Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia (MRC), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Osaka University [Osaka], Toshiba General Hospital [Tokyo, Japan], Department of Hepatology [London], Imperial College London-St Mary's Hospital [London], Ministry of Health and Social Welfare [Banjul, The Gambia] (MOHSW), Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia (MRC)-International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), The PROLIFICA study was funded by the European Commission's Seventh Framework Program (grant 265994). The study was also supported by the MRC Unit The Gambia, the Gambia Government, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), NIHR Biomedical Facility at the Imperial College London and the Asia‐Africa‐Oceania Hepatitis Experts Linkage Promotion (AAOHELP) project which was funded by the Viral Hepatitis Research Foundation of Japan., The authors thank Debbie Garside, the project manager of the PROLIFICA project, and Abubacarr Kambi, Louise Sarr, Famara Bojang, Lamin Bojang, Deboh Jallow, Abdoulie Jatta, Sheriff Koley, Yamundow‐Jallow Samba, Alagie Sanneh, Demba Sonko and Mavis Foster‐Nyarko for their support, and Vincent Mallet, Jong‐Hon Kang and Patrick Ingiliz for their technical advices. We finally thank all the study participants., European Project: 265994,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-AFRICA-2010,PROLIFICA(2011), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Liver Cirrhosis
Male
0301 basic medicine
Cirrhosis
viruses
medicine.disease_cause
Gastroenterology
MESH: Liver Cirrhosis / epidemiology
0302 clinical medicine
Hepatitis E virus
Prevalence
Pharmacology (medical)
MESH: Hepatitis E / epidemiology
MESH: Water Supply
education.field_of_study
MESH: Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure / epidemiology
MESH: Middle Aged
Transmission (medicine)
MESH: Hepatitis E virus / genetics
virus diseases
Agriculture
MESH: Hepatitis Antibodies / blood
Middle Aged
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis E
MESH: Case-Control Studies
3. Good health
MESH: RNA
Viral
RNA
Viral
Female
Gambia
030211 gastroenterology & hepatology
MESH: Agriculture
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
MESH: Socioeconomic Factors
MESH: Gambia / epidemiology
Population
Sepsis
03 medical and health sciences
Water Supply
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
Hepatitis Antibodies
education
MESH: Prevalence
Hepatitis B virus
MESH: Humans
Hepatology
business.industry
Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure
MESH: Adult
medicine.disease
digestive system diseases
MESH: Male
030104 developmental biology
Socioeconomic Factors
Case-Control Studies
Immunology
[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
business
MESH: Female
Zdroj: Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics (Suppl)
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics (Suppl), 2016, 43 (3), pp.375-384. ⟨10.1111/apt.13484⟩
ISSN: 0953-0673
1365-2036
DOI: 10.1111/apt.13484⟩
Popis: Summary Background In sub-Saharan Africa, it is unknown whether hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a common precipitating event of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Aims To estimate the prevalence of HEV infection in general population and assess whether HEV is a common trigger of ACLF in cirrhotic patients in The Gambia, West Africa. Methods We first conducted an HEV sero-survey in healthy volunteers. We then tested cirrhotic patients with ACLF (cases) and compensated cirrhosis (controls) for anti-HEV IgG as a marker of exposure to HEV, and anti-HEV IgA and HEV RNA as a marker of recent infection. We also described the characteristics and survival of the ACLF cases and controls. Results In the healthy volunteers (n = 204), 13.7% (95% CI: 9.6–19.2) were positive for anti-HEV IgG, and none had positive HEV viraemia. After adjusting for age and sex, the following were associated with positive anti-HEV IgG: being a Christian, a farmer, drinking water from wells, handling pigs and eating pork. In 40 cases (median age: 45 years, 72.5% male) and 71 controls (39 years, 74.6% male), ≥70% were infected with hepatitis B virus. Although hepatitis B flare and sepsis were important precipitating events of ACLF, none had marker of acute HEV. ACLF cases had high (70.0%) 28-day mortality. Conclusions Hepatitis E virus infection is endemic in The Gambia, where both faecal-oral route (contaminated water) and zoonotic transmission (pigs/pork meat) may be important. However, acute HEV was not a common cause of acute-on-chronic liver failure in The Gambia.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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