Electrochemically Modulated Liquid−Liquid Extraction of Ionized Drugs under Physiological Conditions
| Autor: | Damien W. M. Arrigan, Courtney J. Collins, Alfonso Berduque |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Ions
Aqueous solution Chromatography Chemistry Osmolar Concentration Sotalol Extraction (chemistry) Aqueous two-phase system Water Electrolyte Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Urine Analytical Chemistry Pharmaceutical Preparations Liquid–liquid extraction Phase (matter) Electrochemistry Timolol ITIES Cyclic voltammetry |
| Zdroj: | Analytical Chemistry. 80:8102-8108 |
| ISSN: | 1520-6882 0003-2700 |
| DOI: | 10.1021/ac800646b |
| Popis: | Electrochemically modulated liquid-liquid extraction (EMLLE) enables the selective extraction and separation of ions from mixtures by choice of an applied interfacial potential difference. The extraction of ionized drugs from artificial urine is reported in this paper. The artificial urine matrix was characterized by cyclic voltammetry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES), showing that components of that aqueous phase truncate the available potential window at the ITIES. The transfer of three cationic drugs from aqueous artificial urine to the 1,2-dichloroethane organic electrolyte phase was examined. Both propranolol and timolol were found to transfer across the artificial urine-organic interface. However, sotalol transfer was not possible within the available potential window. Extraction of propranolol and timolol from artificial urine into an organogel phase, by electrochemically modulated liquid-liquid extraction, was examined. The application of potentials positive of the drugs' formal transfer potentials enabled the selective extraction of both propranolol and timolol, with a higher potential being required for timolol. This work demonstrates the practical utility of EMLLE for the selective extraction of target compounds from a complex sample matrix. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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