Day by day, hour by hour: Naturalistic language input to infants
| Autor: | Shaelise Tor, Sharath Koorathota, Andrei Amatuni, Shannon Dailey, Elika Bergelson |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Early childhood education
Male Time Factors Cognitive Neuroscience Sample (material) 05 social sciences Video Recording Lexical diversity Infant Language acquisition Object (philosophy) Language Development 050105 experimental psychology Article Language development Noun Developmental and Educational Psychology Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Observational study Female Psychology 050104 developmental & child psychology Cognitive psychology Language |
| Zdroj: | Developmental science. 22(1) |
| ISSN: | 1467-7687 |
| Popis: | Measurements of infants' quotidian experiences provide critical information about early development. However, the role of sampling methods in providing these measurements is rarely examined. Here we directly compare language input from hour-long video-recordings and daylong audio-recordings within the same group of 44 infants at 6 and 7 months. We compared 12 measures of language quantity and lexical diversity, talker variability, utterance-type, and object presence, finding moderate correlations across recording-types. However, video-recordings generally featured far denser noun input across these measures compared to the daylong audio-recordings, more akin to 'peak' audio hours (though not as high in talkers and word-types). Although audio-recordings captured ~10 times more awake-time than videos, the noun input in them was only 2-4 times greater. Notably, whether we compared videos to daylong audio-recordings or peak audio times, videos featured relatively fewer declaratives and more questions; furthermore, the most common video-recorded nouns were less consistent across families than the top audio-recording nouns were. Thus, hour-long videos and daylong audio-recordings revealed fairly divergent pictures of the language infants hear and learn from in their daily lives. We suggest that short video-recordings provide a dense and somewhat different sample of infants' language experiences, rather than a typical one, and should be used cautiously for extrapolation about common words, talkers, utterance-types, and contexts at larger timescales. If theories of language development are to be held accountable to 'facts on the ground' from observational data, greater care is needed to unpack the ramifications of sampling methods of early language input. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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