Roux-en-Y gastric bypass restores islet function and morphology independent of body weight in ZDF rats
| Autor: | Ali Aminian, Esam Batayyah, Héctor Romero-Talamás, Christopher R. Daigle, Amanda R. Scelsi, J. David Mosinski, Philip R. Schauer, Anny Mulya, John P. Kirwan, Christopher L. Axelrod, Stacy A. Brethauer |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Blood Glucose
Male endocrine system medicine.medical_specialty endocrine system diseases Physiology Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism medicine.medical_treatment Gastric bypass Gastric Bypass Type 2 diabetes Body weight Diabetes Mellitus Experimental Insulin-Secreting Cells Physiology (medical) Internal medicine medicine Animals Homeostasis Secretion Obesity geography geography.geographical_feature_category business.industry Insulin Body Weight nutritional and metabolic diseases medicine.disease Islet Roux-en-Y anastomosis Rats Rats Zucker Endocrinology Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Insulin Resistance business Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab |
| ISSN: | 1522-1555 0193-1849 |
| Popis: | Reductions in β-cell number and function contribute to the onset type 2 diabetes (T2D). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery can resolve T2D within days of operation, indicating a weight-independent mechanism of glycemic control. We hypothesized that RYGB normalizes glucose homeostasis by restoring β-cell structure and function. Male Zucker Diabetic Fatty (fa/fa; ZDF) rats were randomized to sham surgery (n = 16), RYGB surgery (n = 16), or pair feeding (n = 16). Age-matched lean (fa/+) rats (n = 8) were included as a secondary control. Postprandial metabolism was assessed by oral glucose tolerance testing before and 27 days after surgery. Fasting and postprandial plasma GLP-1 was determined by mixed meal tolerance testing. Fasting plasma glucagon was also measured. β-cell function was determined in isolated islets by a glucose-stimulated insulin secretion assay. Insulin and glucagon positive areas were evaluated in pancreatic sections by immunohistochemistry. RYGB reduced body weight (P < 0.05) and improved glucose tolerance (P < 0.05) compared with sham surgery. RYGB reduced fasting glucose compared with both sham (P < 0.01) and pair-fed controls (P < 0.01). Postprandial GLP-1 (P < 0.05) was elevated after RYGB compared with sham surgery. RYGB islets stimulated with 20 mM glucose had higher insulin secretion than both sham and pair-fed controls (P < 0.01) and did not differ from lean controls. Insulin content was greater after RYGB compared with the sham (P < 0.05) and pair-fed (P < 0.05) controls. RYGB improves insulin secretion and pancreatic islet function, which may contribute to the remission of type 2 diabetes following bariatric surgery. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The onset and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D) results from failure to secrete sufficient amounts of insulin to overcome peripheral insulin resistance. Here, we demonstrate that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) restores islet function and morphology compared to sham and pair-fed controls in ZDF rats. The improvements in islet function were largely attributable to enhanced insulin content and secretory function in response to glucose stimulation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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