Urinary t,t-muconic acid as a proxy-biomarker of car exhaust and neurobehavioral performance in 15-year olds

Autor: Willy Baeyens, Ilse Loots, Michal Kicinski, Greet Schoeters, Tim S. Nawrot, Harry Roels, Nelly D. Saenen, Michelle Plusquin, Liesbeth Bruckers, Elly Den Hond, Mineke K. Viaene, Vera Nelen, Isabelle Sioen
Přispěvatelé: Chemistry, Vriendenkring VUB
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Passive smoking
Psychometrics
Adolescent
Names of the days of the week
Population
traffic-related air pollution
car exhaust
trans
trans-muconic acid
blood lead
neurobehavioral performance
adolescents
010501 environmental sciences
medicine.disease_cause
01 natural sciences
Biochemistry
Toxicology
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Epidemiology
medicine
Memory span
Humans
Attention
education
Biology
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
General Environmental Science
Vehicle Emissions
Creatinine
education.field_of_study
business.industry
Benzene
Confidence interval
Sorbic Acid
3. Good health
Chemistry
030104 developmental biology
Memory
Short-Term
chemistry
Female
Human medicine
business
Demography
Environmental Monitoring
Zdroj: ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
ISSN: 0013-9351
Popis: Introduction Traffic-related air pollution has been shown to induce neurotoxicity in rodents. Several recent epidemiological studies reported negative associations between residential outdoor air pollution and neurobehavioral performance. We investigated in a population of non-smoker adolescents the associations between the urinary concentration of trans, trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA-U), a metabolite of benzene and used as proxy-biomarker of traffic exposure, and two neurobehavioral domains, i.e. sustained attention and short-term memory. Methods In the framework of an environmental health surveillance study in Flanders (Belgium), we examined between 2008 and 2014 grade nine high school students (n=895). We used reaction time, number of omission errors, and number of commission errors in the Continuous Performance Test to evaluate sustained attention, and for the evaluation of short-term memory we used maximum digit span forward and backward of the Digit Span Test. We measured blood lead (PbB) to assess the independent effect of t,t-MA-U on neurobehavioral outcomes. Results This neurobehavioral examination study showed that a ten-fold increase in t,t-MA-U was associated with a 0.14 SD lower sustained attention (95% Confidence Interval: −0.26 to −0.019; p=0.02) and a 0.17 SD diminished short-term memory (95% CI: −0.31 to −0.030; p=0.02). For the same increment in t,t-MA-U, the Continuous Performance Test showed a 12.2 ms higher mean reaction time (95% CI: 4.86–19.5; p=0.001) and 0.51 more numbers of errors of omission (95% CI: 0.057–0.97; p=0.028), while no significant association was found with errors of commission. For the Digit Span Tests, the maximum digit span forward was associated with a 0.20 lower number of digits (95% CI: −0.38 to −0.026; p=0.025) and maximum digit span backward with −0.15 digits (95% CI: −0.32 to 0.022; p=0.088). These associations were independent of PbB, parental education and other important covariates including gender, age, passive smoking, ethnicity, urinary creatinine, time of the day, and examination day of the week. For PbB, an independent association was only found with mean reaction time of the Continuous Performance Test (19.1 ms, 95% CI: 2.43–35.8; p=0.025). Conclusions In adolescents, a ten-fold increase in the concentration of t,t-MA-U, used as a proxy-biomarker for traffic-related exposure, was associated with a significant deficit in sustained attention and short-term memory. The public health implications of this finding cannot be overlooked as the effect-size for these neurobehavioral domains was about 40% of the effect-size of parental education. The study was commissioned and financed by the Ministry of the Flemish Community (Department of Economics, Science and Innovation; Flemish Agency for Care and Health; and Department of Environment, Nature and Energy). This work was further supported by the European Research Council (Grant ERC-2012-StG 310898) and by the Flemish Scientific Fund (FWO) (Grant G.073315N). Michal Kicinski is a Ph.D fellow at the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO).
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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