Epigenetics of eu- and heterochromatin in inverted and conventional nuclei from mouse retina

Autor: Eberhart, A., Feodorova, Y., Song, C., Wanner, G., Kiseleva, E., Furukawa, T., Kimura, Hiroshi, Schotta, G., Leonhardt, H., Joffe, B., Solovei, I.
Rok vydání: 2013
Předmět:
DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1
Epigenomics
X Chromosome
Euchromatin
Chromosomal Proteins
Non-Histone
Heterochromatin
Epigenetic code
Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells/metabolism/ultrastructure
Histones/metabolism
Chromosomal Proteins
Non-Histone/metabolism
Biology
Retina
X-inactivation
Epigenesis
Genetic
Histones
Mice
Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells
X Chromosome Inactivation
Cell Nucleus/*genetics/metabolism/ultrastructure
Genetics
Animals
Histone code
DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases
Euchromatin/*genetics/metabolism/ultrastructure
Cell Nucleus
Mice
Knockout
Heterochromatin/*genetics/metabolism/ultrastructure
DNA Methylation
Molecular biology
Cell biology
Chromatin
Retina/*metabolism
Histone
Sex Chromatin
DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase/metabolism
biology.protein
Heterochromatin protein 1
Zdroj: Chromosome Research. 21:535-554
ISSN: 1573-6849
0967-3849
DOI: 10.1007/s10577-013-9375-7
Popis: To improve light propagation through the retina, the rod nuclei of nocturnal mammals are uniquely changed compared to the nuclei of other cells. In particular, the main classes of chromatin are segregated in them and form regular concentric shells in order; inverted in comparison to conventional nuclei. A broad study of the epigenetic landscape of the inverted and conventional mouse retinal nuclei indicated several differences between them and several features of general interest for the organization of the mammalian nuclei. In difference to nuclei with conventional architecture, the packing density of pericentromeric satellites and LINE-rich chromatin is similar in inverted rod nuclei; euchromatin has a lower packing density in both cases. A high global chromatin condensation in rod nuclei minimizes the structural difference between active and inactive X chromosome homologues. DNA methylation is observed primarily in the chromocenter, Dnmt1 is primarily associated with the euchromatic shell. Heterochromatin proteins HP1-alpha and HP1-beta localize in heterochromatic shells, whereas HP1-gamma is associated with euchromatin. For most of the 25 studied histone modifications, we observed predominant colocalization with a certain main chromatin class. Both inversions in rod nuclei and maintenance of peripheral heterochromatin in conventional nuclei are not affected by a loss or depletion of the major silencing core histone modifications in respective knock-out mice, but for different reasons. Maintenance of peripheral heterochromatin appears to be ensured by redundancy both at the level of enzymes setting the epigenetic code (writers) and the code itself, whereas inversion in rods rely on the absence of the peripheral heterochromatin tethers (absence of code readers).
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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