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Respiratory and immune changes during pregnancy can lead to viral infections. In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), clinical characteristics and perinatal risks are difficult to assess and are relatively unknown.To review placental pathology in asymptomatic women with COVID-19, and to evaluate effects on perinatal outcomes.Retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study that included 29 pregnant women in 2020. The women underwent COVID-19 tests and were divided in two groups: 1) control, COVID-19-negative patients, and 2) asymptomatic COVID-19-positive patients; the placentas were studied at the pathology department, and clinical data were retrieved from the electronic medical record; in addition, a literature review was carried out.When the groups were compared, no differences were observed in general data and clinical characteristics. On the day of delivery, patients 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 9 of the COVID-19 group were between day 0 and 10.5 after having tested positive; only patients 1, 3 and 7 had overcome the infection. There was a decrease in weeks of gestation in the COVID-19 group (37.8 ± 1.8 vs. 39 ± 0.8; p ≤ 0.05). COVID-19-positive patients' placental histopathology showed a higher prevalence of thrombotic alterations in placental villi (55.5 vs. 0%).COVID-19 asymptomatic infection potentiates preexisting prothrombotic profile, thus increasing the risk of placental thrombosis and, potentially, of thrombosis in pregnant women.Los cambios respiratorios e inmunitarios en el embarazo pueden conducir a infecciones virales. En la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) las características clínicas y riesgos perinatales son difíciles de evaluar y son relativamente desconocidos.Revisar patología placentaria en mujeres asintomáticas con COVID-19 y evaluar efectos en datos perinatales.Estudio retrospectivo, observacional y transversal, incluye 29 mujeres embarazadas en 2020. Se realizaron prueba COVID-19 y dividieron en dos grupos: 1) control, pacientes COVID-19 negativas y 2) COVID-19 asintomáticas con COVID-19 positivo; las placentas se estudiaron en patología y los datos clínicos se tomaron del expediente electrónico; asimismo, se realizó revisión de literatura.Al comparar grupos no se observó diferencia en datos generales y características clínicas. El día del parto, las pacientes 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 y 9 del grupo COVID-19 se encontraban entre día 0 y 10.5 después de positividad; únicamente las pacientes 1, 3 y 7 habían superado la infección. Se presentó disminución de semanas de gestación en el grupo COVID-19 (37.8 ± 1.8 vs. 39 ± 0.8; p ≤ 0.05). La histopatología placentaria en COVID-19 mostró mayor prevalencia de alteraciones trombóticas en vellosidades placentarias (55.5 vs. 0%).La infección asintomática por COVID-19, potencializa perfil protrombótico preexistente, incrementando riesgo de trombosis placentaria y trombosis en mujeres embarazadas. |
