Gut–brain–bone marrow axis in hypertension

Autor: Jing Li, Elaine M. Richards, Mohan K. Raizada
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens
ISSN: 1473-6543
1062-4821
DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000678
Popis: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Rapidly emerging evidence implicates an important role of gut-brain-bone marrow axis involving gut microbiota (GM), gut epithelial wall permeability, increased production of proinflammatory bone marrow (BM) cells and neuroinflammation in hypertension (HTN). However, the precise sequence of events involving these organs remains to be established. Furthermore, whether an impaired gut-brain-BM axis is a cause or consequence of HTN is actively under investigation. This will be extremely important for translation of this fundamental knowledge to novel, innovative approaches for the control and management of HTN. Therefore, our objectives are to summarize the latest hypothesis, provide evidence for and against the impaired gut, BM and brain interactions in HTN and discuss perspectives and future directions. RECENT FINDINGS: Hypertensive stimuli activate autonomic neural pathways resulting in increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic cardiovascular modulation. This directly affects the functions of cardiovascular-relevant organs to increase blood pressure (BP). Increases in sympathetic drive to the gut and BM also trigger sequences of signaling events that ultimately contribute to altered GM, increased gut permeability, enhanced gut- and brain-targeted proinflammatory cells from the BM in perpetuation and establishment of HTN. SUMMARY: In this review, we present the mechanisms involving the brain, gut, and BM, whose dysfunctional interactions may be critical in persistent neuroinflammation and key in the development and establishment of HTN.
Databáze: OpenAIRE