Social, economic, and health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents retained in or recently disengaged from HIV care in Kenya
| Autor: | Kara Wools-Kaloustian, Michael L. Scanlon, Batya Elul, Rami Kantor, Giorgos Bakoyannis, Ashley Chory, Josephine Aluoch, Jayne L Kulzer, Zachary Kwena, Leslie A. Enane, Suzanne Goodrich, Edith Apondi, Adrian Gardner, Rachel Vreeman |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
RNA viruses
Male Viral Diseases Epidemiology HIV Infections Surveys Adolescents Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Health Services Accessibility Families Medical Conditions Immunodeficiency Viruses Surveys and Questionnaires Pandemic Health care Medicine and Health Sciences Medicine Public and Occupational Health Prospective Studies Disengagement theory Young adult Child Children media_common Multidisciplinary Vaccination and Immunization Infectious Diseases Medical Microbiology Research Design Viral Pathogens Viruses Female Psychological resilience Pathogens Behavioral and Social Aspects of Health Research Article Kenya Adolescent media_common.quotation_subject Science Immunology Antiretroviral Therapy Research and Analysis Methods Microbiology Young Adult Antiviral Therapy Retroviruses Mental Health and Psychiatry Humans Socioeconomic status Pandemics Microbial Pathogens Survey Research business.industry Lentivirus Organisms Biology and Life Sciences HIV COVID-19 Covid 19 Mental health Age Groups People and Places Patient Compliance Population Groupings Preventive Medicine business Demography |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0257210 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | Introduction Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV, ages 10–19) experience complex challenges to adhere to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and remain in care, and may be vulnerable to wide-scale disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic. We assessed for a range of effects of the pandemic on ALHIV in western Kenya, and whether effects were greater for ALHIV with recent histories of being lost to program (LTP). Methods ALHIV were recruited from an ongoing prospective study at 3 sites in western Kenya. The parent study enrolled participants from February 2019–September 2020, into groups of ALHIV either 1) retained in care or 2) LTP and traced in the community. Phone interviews from July 2020–January 2021 assessed effects of the pandemic on financial and food security, healthcare access and behaviors, and mental health. Responses were compared among the parent study groups. Results Phone surveys were completed with 334 ALHIV or their caregivers, including 275/308 (89.3%) in the retained group and 59/70 (84.3%) among those LTP at initial enrollment. During the pandemic, a greater proportion of LTP adolescents were no longer engaged in school (45.8% vs. 36.4%, p = 0.017). Over a third (120, 35.9%) of adolescents reported lost income for someone they relied on. In total, 135 (40.4%) did not have enough food either some (121, 36.2%) or most (14, 4.2%) of the time. More LTP adolescents (4/59, 6.8% vs. 2/275, 0.7%, p = 0.010) reported increased difficulties refilling ART. Adolescent PHQ-2 and GAD-2 scores were ≥3 for 5.6% and 5.2%, respectively. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has had devastating socioeconomic effects for Kenyan ALHIV and their households. ALHIV with recent care disengagement may be especially vulnerable. Meanwhile, sustained ART access and adherence potentially signal resilience and strengths of ALHIV and their care programs. Findings from this survey indicate the critical need for support to ALHIV during this crisis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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