Simulated Predator Attacks on Flocks: A Comparison of Tactics

Autor:	Jure Demšar, Iztok Lebar Bajec
Rok vydání:	2014
Předmět:	Fuzzy Logic Artificial Intelligence Ecology Flocking (behavior) Predatory Behavior Animals Flock Models Theoretical Biology Predator Attraction General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Predation
Zdroj:	Artificial Life. 20:343-359
ISSN:	1530-9185 1064-5462
DOI:	10.1162/artl_a_00135
Popis:	It is not exactly known why birds aggregate in coordinated flocks. The most common hypothesis proposes that the reason is protection from predators. Most of the currently developed examples of individual-based predator-prey models assume predators are attracted to the center of a highly coordinated flock. This proposed attraction of a predator to a flock would appear to be contradictory to an alternate hypothesis that flocks evolved as a protection against predation. In an attempt to resolve this apparent conflict, in this article we use a fuzzy individual-based model to study three attack tactics (attack center, attack nearest, attack isolated) and analyze the success of predation on two types of prey (social and individualistic). Our simulations revealed that social flocking (as opposed to individualistic behavior) is the optimal anti-predatory response to predators attacking mainly isolated individuals.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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