Multi-box mass balance model of PFOA and PFOS in different regions of San Francisco Bay

Autor: June-Soo Park, Margaret D. Sedlak, Rebecca Sutton, Marta Schuhmacher, Francisco Sánchez-Soberón, Donald Yee
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid
Environmental Engineering
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis
0208 environmental biotechnology
Population
02 engineering and technology
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Animals
Environmental Chemistry
education
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Pollutant
Fluorocarbons
geography
education.field_of_study
geography.geographical_feature_category
Fishes
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Water
Sediment
Estuary
General Medicine
General Chemistry
Pollution
020801 environmental engineering
Alkanesulfonic Acids
Bays
Models
Chemical
chemistry
Environmental chemistry
Environmental science
Fish
Perfluorooctanoic acid
Environmental Pollutants
San Francisco
Caprylates
Bay
Water Pollutants
Chemical
Environmental Monitoring
Zdroj: Chemosphere
ISSN: 0045-6535
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126454
Popis: We present a model to predict the long-term distribution and concentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) in estuaries comprising multiple intercommunicated sub-embayments. To that end, a mass balance model including rate constants and time-varying water inputs was designed to calculate levels of these compounds in water and sediment for every sub-embayment. Subsequently, outflows and tidal water exchanges were used to interconnect the different regions of the estuary. To calculate plausible risks to population, outputs of the model were used as inputs in a previously designed model to simulate concentrations of PFOA and PFOS in a sport fish species (Cymatogaster aggregata). The performance of the model was evaluated by applying it to the specific case of San Francisco Bay, (California, USA), using 2009 sediment and water sampled concentrations of PFOA and PFOS in North, Central and South regions. Concentrations of these compounds in the Bay displayed exponential decreasing trends, but with different shapes depending on region, compound, and compartment assessed. Nearly stable PFOA concentrations were reached after 50 years, while PFOS needed close to 500 years to stabilize in sediment and fish. Afterwards, concentrations stabilize between 4 and 23 pg/g in sediment, between 0.02 and 44 pg/L in water, and between 7 and 104 pg/g wet weight in fish, depending on compound and region. South Bay had the greatest final concentrations of pollutants, regardless of compartment. Fish consumption is safe for most scenarios, but due to model uncertainty, limitations in monthly intake could be established for North and South Bay catches.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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