Cellular immune responses and viral diversity in individuals treated during acute and early HIV-1 infection
| Autor: | Jay A. Levy, James O. Kahn, Robert L. Eldridge, Christian Brander, Gregory K. Robbins, Bruce D. Walker, Mary N. Phillips, Frederick Hecht, Raj Shankarappa, Joia S. Mukherjee, Paul E. Sax, Philip J. R. Goulder, Samuel H. Poon, Eric S. Rosenberg, Marylyn M. Addo, Steve Boswell, James I. Mullins, Marcus Altfeld |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Time Factors Cytotoxic Helper-Inducer T-Lymphocytes HIV Infections Medical and Health Sciences Cohort Studies Epitopes viral evolution 0302 clinical medicine Antiretroviral Therapy Highly Active HIV Seropositivity Immunology and Allergy Cytotoxic T cell Viral Longitudinal Studies Immunity Cellular 0303 health sciences education.field_of_study cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes T helper cell responses T-Lymphocytes Helper-Inducer T helper cell 3. Good health Infectious Diseases medicine.anatomical_structure Acute Disease RNA Viral HIV/AIDS Original Article Female Infection Viral load Population Molecular Sequence Data Immunology Antiretroviral Therapy chemical and pharmacologic phenomena Biology cytotoxic T lymphocytes Vaccine Related 03 medical and health sciences Immune system human leukocyte antigen medicine Humans Highly Active Amino Acid Sequence Seroconversion education 030304 developmental biology DNA Primers Base Sequence Prevention Inflammatory and immune system Immunity Genetic Variation Virology Chronic infection CTL Good Health and Well Being HIV-1 RNA Immunization Cellular T-Lymphocytes Cytotoxic 030215 immunology |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of experimental medicine, vol 193, iss 2 The Journal of Experimental Medicine |
| Popis: | Immune responses induced during the early stages of chronic viral infections are thought to influence disease outcome. Using HIV as a model, we examined virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), T helper cells, and viral genetic diversity in relation to duration of infection and subsequent response to antiviral therapy. Individuals with acute HIV-1 infection treated before seroconversion had weaker CTL responses directed at fewer epitopes than persons who were treated after seroconversion. However, treatment-induced control of viremia was associated with the development of strong T helper cell responses in both groups. After 1 yr of antiviral treatment initiated in acute or early infection, all epitope-specific CTL responses persisted despite undetectable viral loads. The breadth and magnitude of CTL responses remained significantly less in treated acute infection than in treated chronic infection, but viral diversity was also significantly less with immediate therapy. We conclude that early treatment of acute HIV infection leads to a more narrowly directed CTL response, stronger T helper cell responses, and a less diverse virus population. Given the need for T helper cells to maintain effective CTL responses and the ability of virus diversification to accommodate immune escape, we hypothesize that early therapy of primary infection may be beneficial despite induction of less robust CTL responses. These data also provide rationale for therapeutic immunization aimed at broadening CTL responses in treated primary HIV infection. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|