Octopamine-immunoreactive neurons in the brain and subesophageal ganglion of the hawkmothManduca sexta
| Autor: | John G. Hildebrand, Andrew M. Dacks, Thomas A. Christensen, Hans Agricola, Leo Wollweber |
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| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
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Biology Article Mice Antibody Specificity Manduca Neuromodulation medicine Animals Octopamine Neurons General Neuroscience fungi Antibodies Monoclonal Brain Anatomy Neuromere Immunohistochemistry Ganglia Invertebrate Ganglion Immunoglobulin Isotypes Mice Inbred C57BL medicine.anatomical_structure nervous system Ventral nerve cord Supraesophageal ganglion Mushroom bodies Immunization Octopamine (neurotransmitter) Neuron Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Comparative Neurology. 488:255-268 |
| ISSN: | 1096-9861 0021-9967 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/cne.20556 |
| Popis: | Octopamine is a neuroactive monoamine that functions as a neurohormone, a neuromodulator, and a neurotransmitter in many invertebrate nervous systems, but little is known about the distribution of octopamine in the brain. We therefore used a monoclonal antibody to study the distribution of octopamine-like immunoreactivity in the brain of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta. Immunoreactive processes were observed in many regions of the brain, with the distinct exception of the upper division of the central body. We focused our analysis on nine ventral unpaired median (VUM) neurons with cell bodies in the labial neuromere of the subesophageal ganglion. Seven of these neurons projected caudally through the ventral nerve cord. Two neurons projected rostrally into the brain (supraesophageal ganglion), and one of these was a bilateral neuron that sent projections to the γ-lobe of the mushroom body and the lateral protocerebrum. Octopamine-immunoreactive processes from one or more cells originating in the subesophageal ganglion also form direct connections between the antennal lobes and the calyces of the mushroom bodies. J. Comp. Neurol. 488:255–268, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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