Reassembling a system from the sensor to cerebral representation: The olfactory system in vitro
| Autor: | Thomas Berger, Foivos Markopoulos, Alessandra Scotti, Florian B. Neubauer |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Olfactory system
Time Factors Green Fluorescent Proteins Central nervous system Mice Transgenic Nerve Tissue Proteins Sensory system Biology Olfactory Receptor Neurons Mice Organ Culture Techniques Olfactory Mucosa Piriform cortex medicine Animals Amino Acids Cell Proliferation 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2 3-dione Mice Inbred BALB C Olfactory receptor General Neuroscience Olfactory tubercle Calcium-Binding Proteins Membrane Proteins Cell Differentiation Valine Olfactory Pathways Axons Coculture Techniques Electric Stimulation Olfactory bulb medicine.anatomical_structure Animals Newborn Bromodeoxyuridine nervous system Calcium Olfactory ensheathing glia Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | Neuroscience. 156:1048-1063 |
| ISSN: | 0306-4522 |
| Popis: | An odorant's code is represented by activity in a dispersed ensemble of olfactory sensory neurons in the nose, activation of a specific combination of groups of mitral cells in the olfactory bulb and is considered to be mapped at divergent locations in the olfactory cortex. We present here an in vitro model of the mammalian olfactory system developed to gain easy access to all stations of the olfactory pathway. Mouse olfactory epithelial explants are cocultured with a brain slice that includes the olfactory bulb and olfactory cortex areas and maintains the central olfactory pathway intact and functional. Organotypicity of bulb and cortex is preserved and mitral cell axons can be traced to their target areas. Calcium imaging shows propagation of mitral cell activity to the piriform cortex. Long term coculturing with postnatal olfactory epithelial explants restores the peripheral olfactory pathway. Olfactory receptor neurons renew and progressively acquire a mature phenotype. Axons of olfactory receptor neurons grow out of the explant and rewire into the olfactory bulb. The extent of reinnervation exhibits features of a postlesion recovery. Functional imaging confirms the recovery of part of the peripheral olfactory pathway and shows that activity elicited in olfactory receptor neurons or the olfactory nerves is synaptically propagated into olfactory cortex areas. This model is the first attempt to reassemble a sensory system in culture, from the peripheral sensor to the site of cortical representation. It will increase our knowledge on how neuronal circuits in the central olfactory areas integrate sensory input and counterbalance damage. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect