Preventing Fall-Related Vertebral Fractures
| Autor: | Stephen N. Robinovitch, Meena M. Sran |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Movement Posture Poison control Foam rubber Floors and Floorcoverings medicine Humans Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Buttocks Orthodontics business.industry Biomechanics Stiffness Biomechanical Phenomena Surgery body regions medicine.anatomical_structure Fracture (geology) Spinal Fractures Accidental Falls Stress Mechanical Neurology (clinical) Impact medicine.symptom business Falling (sensation) |
| Zdroj: | Spine. 33:1856-1862 |
| ISSN: | 0362-2436 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/brs.0b013e31817bab05 |
| Popis: | In vivo biomechanical study of 11 male volunteers.To measure the peak forces applied to the buttocks in a backward fall from standing, and to determine whether this force is lowered by reductions in floor stiffness.Fall-related vertebral fractures are common and backward falls result in impact to the buttocks. Compliant flooring may reduce impact force and risk for vertebral fracture during a fall. However, we have little knowledge of the peak forces applied to the body during a backward fall, or how floor stiffness affects this force.Eleven males, mean age 25 +/- 5 (SD) years, were suddenly released from a backward lean of 15 degrees , falling backward onto the ground which was covered with 4.5, 7.5, or 10.5 cm of ethylene vinyl acetate foam rubber. We measured 3-dimensional impact forces applied to the buttocks at 960 Hz with a force plate. We used repeated measures analysis of variance and post hoc t tests to compare peak forces between conditions. We also modeled peak vertical force for falls onto a bare floor. RESULTS.: There was a significant difference in peak vertical force between falls onto the 10.5 cm foam condition compared with the 7.5 cm (P = 0.002) and 4.5 cm (P0.001) conditions. Peak vertical force (N) was (mean +/- SD) 5099 +/- 868, 4788 +/- 702, and 4544 +/- 672 for the 4.5, 7.5, and 10.5 cm foam conditions, respectively, and estimated at 6027 +/- 988 for the rigid (bare floor) condition. Compared with the bare floor, these foam floors provided, on average, 24, 20, and 15% force attenuation respectively.In a backward fall onto the buttocks, peak impact forces are 6.4 to 9.0 times body weight in a fall onto a bare floor. Reducing floor stiffness using even a thin (4.5 cm) layer of foam may provide 15% vertical force attenuation during a fall onto the buttocks. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|