Layer-specific morphological and molecular differences in neocortical astrocytes and their dependence on neuronal layers
| Autor: | Yutaka Suzuki, Tomoaki Tahara, Yu Katsuyama, Daichi Kawaguchi, Darin Lanjakornsiripan, Yukiko Gotoh, Yugo Fukazawa, Baek Jun Pior, Shohei Furutachi |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male Cell Adhesion Molecules Neuronal Science Population General Physics and Astronomy Neocortex Nerve Tissue Proteins Somatosensory system General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Article 03 medical and health sciences Mice 0302 clinical medicine Reeler Gene expression Conditional gene knockout medicine Animals lcsh:Science education Mice Knockout Neurons education.field_of_study Extracellular Matrix Proteins Multidisciplinary Cell adhesion molecule Chemistry Serine Endopeptidases General Chemistry Somatosensory Cortex DAB1 Mice Inbred C57BL Reelin Protein 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure nervous system Astrocytes lcsh:Q Female Neuroscience human activities 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Astrocyte |
| Zdroj: | Nature Communications, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2018) Nature Communications |
| ISSN: | 2041-1723 |
| Popis: | Non-pial neocortical astrocytes have historically been thought to comprise largely a nondiverse population of protoplasmic astrocytes. Here we show that astrocytes of the mouse somatosensory cortex manifest layer-specific morphological and molecular differences. Two- and three-dimensional observations revealed that astrocytes in the different layers possess distinct morphologies as reflected by differences in cell orientation, territorial volume, and arborization. The extent of ensheathment of synaptic clefts by astrocytes in layer II/III was greater than that by those in layer VI. Moreover, differences in gene expression were observed between upper-layer and deep-layer astrocytes. Importantly, layer-specific differences in astrocyte properties were abrogated in reeler and Dab1 conditional knockout mice, in which neuronal layers are disturbed, suggesting that neuronal layers are a prerequisite for the observed morphological and molecular differences of neocortical astrocytes. This study thus demonstrates the existence of layer-specific interactions between neurons and astrocytes, which may underlie their layer-specific functions. Several studies have suggested that astrocytes in the neocortex are more diverse than previously thought. Here, the authors describe layer-specific differences in morphology and molecular characteristics of astrocytes that depend on the neurons within those layers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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