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Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder, associated with disturbed noxturnal oxygenation profile and altered sleep structure, associated with significant health problems. Oral appliances (OA) are used as an alternative therapeutic option for patients with mild to moderate OSA. Although the application of OA does not always result in a complete resolution of the sleep-disordered breathing, greater patient adherence is demonstrated. We have decided to evaluate the effect of individually constructed OA on sleep-disordered breathing and sleep structure in patients with OSA. Materials and methods: 20 patients (18 men) with OSA (age 46.3±8.1 years (mean±SD), body mass index 29.0±4.8 kg.m-2) were subjected to a full-night polysomnography (PSG), at baseline and one month after the introduction of an OA. Results: A significant decrease in AHI (33.4±31.1 vs 45.5±30.8, p |