EBV LMP1, a viral mimic of CD40, activates dendritic cells and functions as a molecular adjuvant when incorporated into an HIV vaccine
| Autor: | Saravana Kanagavelu, Liguo Niu, James M. Termini, Richard S. Kornbluth, Helena Schmidtmayerova, Geoffrey W. Stone, Sachin Gupta, Victoria Snarsky |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Herpesvirus 4
Human Cellular immunity T cell Immunology Antigen presentation Translational & Clinical Immunology Biology medicine.disease_cause Proinflammatory cytokine Viral Matrix Proteins Transduction (genetics) Adjuvants Immunologic Transduction Genetic otorhinolaryngologic diseases medicine Humans Immunology and Allergy CD40 Antigens HIV vaccine Antigen-presenting cell AIDS Vaccines Antigen Presentation fungi Molecular Mimicry food and beverages HIV Dendritic Cells Cell Biology Virology stomatognathic diseases Molecular mimicry medicine.anatomical_structure |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 90:389-398 |
| ISSN: | 1938-3673 0741-5400 |
| Popis: | HIV-1 does not significantly activate cellular immunity, which has made it difficult to use attenuated forms of HIV-1 as a vaccine. In contrast, EBV induces robust T cell responses in most infected individuals, perhaps as this virus contains LMP1, a viral mimic of CD40, which is a key activating molecule for DCs and macrophages. Consequently, studies were conducted using LMP1 and LMP1-CD40, a related construct formed by replacing the intracellular signaling domain of LMP1 with that of CD40. Upon electroporation into DCs, LMP1 and LMP1-CD40 mRNAs were sufficient to up-regulate costimulatory molecules and proinflammatory cytokines, indicating that these molecules can function in isolation as adjuvant-like molecules. As a first step toward an improved HIV vaccine, LMP1 and LMP1-CD40 were introduced into a HIV-1 construct to produce virions encoding these proteins. Transduction of DCs and macrophages with these viruses induced morphological changes and up-regulated costimulatory molecules and cytokine production by these cells. HIV-LMP1 enhanced the antigen-presenting function of DCs, as measured in an in vitro immunization assay. Taken together, these data show that LMP1 and LMP1-CD40 are portable gene cassettes with strong adjuvant properties that can be introduced into viruses such as HIV, which by themselves, are insufficient to induce protective cellular immunity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Plný text